ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of different surgical procedures on the prognosis of experimental animals with VX2 tumor invading the inferior vena cava (IVC). Methods1. A rabbit model of VX2 tumor invading IVC was established and confirmed by ultrasound examination. 2. The rabbits were randomly divided into three groups, 12 rabbits in each group:Group A had complete excision of the tumor and IVC, group B had complete excision of the IVC and tumor followed by IVC reconstruction with an artificial vascular graft, and group C had separation and removal of the tumor. All the removed IVC were sent for pathological examination. The rabbits had ultrasound examination of the IVC. The collateral circulation and IVC blood flow was observed by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) after the IVC blockage. The natural death time of the rabbits was observed and autopsy was performed. Results1. Ultrasound examination showed that all VX2 tumors grew successfully in the animal models (2.75±0.91 cm²). The lumen of the IVC was not narrowed (diameter 2.53±0.23 mm). 2. DSA showed that the medium and long term patency of the artificial grafts in replacement of infrarenal IVC was low. In the experimental group, communicating branches were gradually enlarged and superficial veins in the abdominal wall were gradually dilated after the surgery. 3. The experimental groups had a longer survival time than the control group (P1<0.001<0.05, P2=0.036<0.05). The group A had a significantly longer survival time than the group B (P3=0.04<0.05).There was no significant difference in distant metastasis between the groups A and B,but significantly lower than that in the control group. ConclusionsThere is a better survival time and survival rate in the rabbits after complete resection of the tumor invading the inferior vena cava. Rabbits with artificial IVC reconstruction have a low medium and long term patency, a higher perioperative mortality, and a shorter survival time than the animals without IVC reconstruction.