Objective To study the differences of learning and memory abilities between male and female Tupaia tested by Morris water maze. MethodsNavigation test and probe test were performed to determine the learning and memory abilities in male and female Tupaia. ResultThere were no significant differences in the latency and total distance (P>0.05) between male and female tupaia, but there were significant differences in number of crossing target quadrant and search strategy (P<0.05). ConclusionsThere is no significant difference in navigation test between males and females, but the performance of spatial probe is better in male than in female Tupaia tested by Morris water maze.