Objective To study the effect of IGF-1 gene therapy and electric stimulation therapy on the rat models of postpartum stress urinary incontinence, and explore the ideal treatment for this disease. Methods 240 SD female rats were used to establish the model of postpartum stress urinary incontinence by water sac vaginal dilation. 148 model rats were randomly selected from 185 successful models and divided into 5 groups:IGF-1 gene therapy, clenbuterol treatment, electric stimulation therapy, injection of empty vector plasmid, and untreated groups. Besides, 20 non-modeled rats were used as blank control group. Urodynamic test was performed, pelvic floor pubococcygeus muscle/muscle weight ratio was calculated, and serum biochemical indices (LDH, CK) were detected, and the morphological changes of pubococcygeus muscle fibers were observed by light microscopy at 1, 21, 42 and 63 days after treatment. Results At 21 days after treatment, the maximum bladder capacity, leak point pressure, the contractile force/muscle weight ratio in the IGF-1 group and electric stimulation treatment group were significantly better (P>0.05), and the differences between the IGF-1 group and electric stimulation group were not significant (P>0.05). Conclusions The effect of IGF-1 gene therapy and electric stimulation on the rat models of postpartum stress urinary incontinence is better than that in the drug therapy group and other groups.