Objective Through the detection of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus(RHDV) antibody, to investigate the capacity of experimental animal quality control laboratories, so as to improve their detection proficiency. Methods According to the program approved by CNAS, the screened samples were numbered randomly and tested for their stability and homogeneity. The random samples were issued to the participant laboratories with the Standard Operation Procedure (SOP). The participant laboratories must submit the test reports and original records in time. The feedback results were judged by the rate of concordance with the anticipated results. Results Twenty laboratories from 14 provinces were enrolled in the evaluation, and all of them submitted detection results on time. ELISA methods were used in 14 laboratories, and hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assay was used in 6 laboratories. The results of 17 laboratories were marked as pass or excellent, with a rate of pass of 85%. Conclusions The ability for detection of RHDV antibody in animal test laboratories in China is high. The implementation of capacity testing can reflect the level of quality control laboratories.