Objective To investigate the changes of relevant characteristics in the Beagle model of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) induced by high fat diet and low dose streptozotocin (STZ) injection. Methods Thirty male Beagles were randomly divided into three groups:(1) Control group (n=10), fed with a standard chow. (2) High fat diet group (n=10), fed with high fat diet. (3) Model group (n=10), fed with high fat diet for two months and then given STZ injection. Lee index, fasting blood glucose, serum insulin levels, urine glucose and blood biochemical indexes were regularly detected. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and histopathological examination were performed. Results After treatment for two months, the insulin resistance and dyslipidemia appeared and Lee index significantly increased in the high fat diet group and model group (P<0.01). In the diabetic beagles, fasting blood glucose levels were prominently increased (P<0.01), as compared with the control group and high fat diet group, and held on a high blood glucose level for three months. Among the three groups, the dogs with OGTT values>11.1 mmol/L and were not restored at three hours, showed some pancreatic histological damages and diseases. Conclusions A beagle model of type 2 diabetes mellitus is constructed, exhibiting some characteristics of human type 2 diabetes mellitus such as hyperglycemia,hyperinsulinism,dyslipidemia and other typical features.