Objective To establish models of an alcoholic fatty liver induced by a alcohol liquid diet and alcohol combined with a high fat diet in C57BL/6J mice in a short time and assess a more efficient model of an alcoholic fatty liver in mice by biochemical and histopathological method. Methods Twenty?four healthy male C57BL/6J mice acclimated for 2 weeks were randomly divided into four groups (n=6): maintenance diet group, liquid diet control group, alcohol liquid feed group and high fat diet group. Daily feed consumption and body weight were recorded. On day 16, the animals were sacrificed and serum transaminase activity, serum lipids, and blood glucose were measured. Paraffin?embedded sections and frozen sections of the liver were prepared and stained with HE and oil red O, respectively. Results Compared with the other three groups, the body weight of mice in alcohol liquid feed group showed a significant downward trend and the growth rate was negative. The caloric intake of high fat diet group was significantly lower than that of the other three groups. The liver weight and liver weight index of the liquid diet control group, alcohol liquid diet group and high fat diet group were significantly lower than those of the maintenance diet group. The biochemical Results showed that the levels of ALT, AST and TC in the alcohol liquid diet group were significantly higher than those in the maintenance diet group, and the blood glucose level was higher than that in the maintenance diet group. ALT, AST, TC and blood glucose in the alcohol liquid diet group were also higher than those in the liquid diet control group. Serum TC in the high fat diet group was significantly higher than that in the maintenance diet group, and AST and blood glucose were higher than those in the maintenance diet group. The blood glucose of high fat diet group was significantly higher than that of liquid diet control group. Pathological staining results showed that there was a large amount of lipid deposition in the liver of mice in the alcohol liquid diet group, followed by the high fat diet group. Conclusions The short?term Gao?Binge model and alcohol plus high fat diet model can successfully induce the corresponding biochemical and pathological characteristics of AFL in C57BL/6J mice, and the corresponding pathological indexes of Gao?Binge model group are more significant than the latter, which is suitable for the establishment of acute AFL model.