Traditional Chinese medicines have demonstrated clinical efficacy in preventing and treating chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathic pain (CIPNP). However, their specific clinical application and mechanism of action require further in-depth study and exploration. There is thus a need to develop more accurate and clinically relevant animal models that reflect the occurrence and development of human diseases as a tool for research. This review provides an in-depth analysis and discussion of the recent establishment and detection criteria of existing rat and mouse animal models of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathic pain. We also evaluate and explain the application of these models for the prevention and treatment of CIPNP in traditional Chinese medicine, thus providing a theoretical basis and reference for future experimental and mechanistic research on the subject. This research will benefit clinical practice and promotion, offering valuable insights into preventing and treating CIPNP using traditional Chinese medicines.