Objective To explore the function of electroacupuncture ( EA) on body mass, fasting blood glucose, heat pain threshold, and transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of rats with diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP). Methods A DNP rat model was formed by intraperitoneally injecting the animals with STZ. From days 15 to 21, bilateral Zusanli and Kunlun points of the DNP rat model were treated with electroacupuncture once daily for 30 min. We then measured their body mass, fasting blood glucose, and heat pain threshold. The co-expression of TRPV4 and NeuN in the rat L4 ~ L6 DRG was detected by immunofluorescence. The effects of the TRPV4 agonist GSK1016790A on body mass, fasting blood glucose, and the heat pain threshold of DNP rats treated with electroacupuncture were detected. Results After the 7th day, body mass was significantly decreased (P<0. 01) and fasting glucose was significantly increased (P<0. 01) in the model group compared with the normal group. After the 21st day, compared with the model group, heat pain threshold of the model + electroacupuncture group was significantly higher (P<0. 01); the Results of co-expression of TRPV4 and NeuN immunofluorescence on rat L4 ~ L6 DRG showed that: the expression of positive cells in the model group was significantly higher (P<0. 01) than that in the normal group, the co-expression of TRPV4 and NeuN positive cells in L4 ~ L6 DRG of rats in the model + electroacupuncture group was significantly lower ( P<0. 01) than that in the model group. The TRPV4 agonist GSK1016790A can reverse the downregulation of thermal pain threshold induced by electroacupuncture in DNP rats (P<0. 01). Conclusions Electroacupuncture alleviated the DNP induced by STZ, and its mechanism may involve the inhibition of TRPV4 protein expression in the DRG.