Iron overload refers to the pathological state in which the iron content in the body exceeds physiological requirements, Results ing in the deposition of iron in the organs. Iron overload mouse models are an important tool for the study of iron metabolism disorders and related diseases. This paper summarizes the commonly used modeling method used in the construction of iron overload mouse models, which mainly comprise two categories. (1)exogenous iron overload mouse models, constructed through supplementation with extraenteral iron (injected iron) or intraintestinal iron (oral iron); (2)spontaneous iron overload models, constructed by screening for specific mouse lines or modifying iron metabolism-related genes. The method involving extraenteral iron supplementation has a short modeling duration and a high success rate, making it suitable for single and composite iron overload models.However, the high iron absorption rate may cause toxic reactions; thus, the optimal dose needs to be determined in advance. By contrast, intraintestinal iron supplementation is simple and safe, but has a low iron absorption rate and a long modeling duration. The spontaneous iron overload model is mainly used for specific genetic research studies, which are complex and involve high costs. The various modeling method offer diverse research pathways, spanning from molecular to systemic levels. This diversity is conducive to gaining an in-depth understanding of the pathological mechanisms underlying iron overload and provides an experimental basis for the development of new treatments.