三种药物诱导特应性皮炎样小鼠模型的铁死亡初探
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1. 深圳市慢性病防治中心,深圳市皮肤病防治研究所,广东 深圳 518020;2. 广东医科大学公共卫生学院, 广东 东莞 523808

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Preliminary exploration of ferroptosis induced by three chemical inducers in atopic dermatitis-like mouse models
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1. Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen Insititute of Dermatology, Shenzhen 518020, China;2. School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China

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    摘要:

    目的 利用卡泊三醇( MC903)、2,4-二硝基氯苯( DNCB)、恶唑酮( OXA) 三种药物诱导BALB/ c 小鼠特应性皮炎(AD)样改变,并初步探索不同小鼠模型的铁死亡情况。 方法 根据不同造模部位(耳朵及背部皮肤),将健康 7 周龄雌性 BALB/ c 小鼠随机分为 8 组,即对照耳/ 背组、MC903 耳/ 背模型组、DNCB 耳/ 背模型组、OXA 耳/ 背模型组,每组 8 只,分别给予相应浓度药物涂抹至相应部位造模。 MC903 连续诱导 14 d;DNCB 与 OXA 连续致敏 3 d,致敏完成后间隔 4 d,于实验第 8 天起,每 2 d 于小鼠造模区域涂抹药物激发,共激发 12 次,于实验第 30 天时完成激发。 观察小鼠造模后的皮损情况,测量皮肤厚度,检测血浆中ROS、IL-4、IFN-γ、MDA 细胞因子,对皮肤进行病理组织学染色和电镜超微结构观察,Western Blot 检测铁死亡有关蛋白(GPX4、FTH1、ACSL4、TfR1)的表达情况。 结果 与各对照组相比,三种药物造模后小鼠皮肤均出现明显红肿、抓挠脱屑、皮肤粗糙增厚;模型组小鼠皮肤厚度均极显著增加(P<0. 01);各模型组小鼠 ROS、IFN-γ、IL-4、MDA 水平均不同程度升高(P<0. 05);病理结果显示模型小鼠皮损表皮增厚,表皮细胞变性、坏死、真皮层增厚且伴不同程度毛细血管淤血扩张、淋巴细胞和肥大细胞浸润等病理改变;透射电镜观察到皮肤细胞内线粒体质膜断裂,膜密度增加,膜嵴减少和断裂等铁死亡改变;铁死亡相关蛋白 GPX4、FTH1 表达量显著下调(P<0. 05),ACSL4、TfR1 表达量显著上调(P<0. 05)。 结论 三种药物不同造模部位均成功构建出AD 样改变小鼠模型,铁死亡参与了 AD 样小鼠模型的病理过程,但不同药物诱导及造模部位之间存在异质性。

    Abstract:

    Objective To establish atopic dermatitis ( AD)-like models in BALB/ c mice using three chemical inducers, calcipotriol ( MC903), 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene ( DNCB), and oxazolone ( OXA), and to explore the occurrence of ferroptosis in the different models. Methods Healthy 7-week-old female BALB/ c mice were divided randomly into eight groups (n = 8 mice per group) based on the induction site (ear/ dorsal skin) and inducer: ear/ dorsal control groups, MC903 ear/ dorsal model groups, DNCB ear/ dorsal model groups, and OXA ear/ dorsal model groups. Models were established by topical application of the respective agents at specified concentrations. Mice in the MC903 ear/ dorsal groups underwent continuous induction for 14 d. Mice in the DNCB and OXA ear/ dorsal groups were sensitized for 3 consecutive days, 4 days after the sensitization was completedand then challenged 12 times on day 8 and every other day for up to day 30. Skin lesions were observed and skin thickness was measured. Plasma levels of reactive oxygen species ( ROS), interleukin ( IL)-4, interferon ( IFN)-γ, and malondialdehyde ( MDA) were detected, the skin was examined by histopathological staining and ultrastructural observation, and expression levels of ferroptosis-related proteins ( glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1), long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase 4 (ACSL4), transferrin receptor 1 ( TfR1)) were detected by Western Blot. Results Compared with each control mice, all model mice exhibited obvious redness, swelling, scratching, desquamation, and rough thickening of the skin, and skin thickness was significantly increased ( P<0. 01). ROS, IFN-γ, IL-4, and MDA levels were elevated to varying extents ( P<0. 05) and histopathological features, including epidermal hyperplasia, keratinocyte degeneration, dermal vascular congestion, and immune cell infiltration, were detected in model mice. Transmission electron microscopy also revealed mitochondrial membrane rupture, increased density, and cristae reduction. Expression levels of ferroptosis markers were dysregulated, including significantly decreased GPX4 / FTH1 ( P<0. 05) and increased ACSL4 / TfR1 expression ( P<0. 05). Conclusions All three chemicals successfully induced AD-like phenotypes in BALB/ c mice through site-specific applications. Ferroptosis is involved in the pathological process of AD, but heterogeneity exists among inducers and modeling sites.

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唐伟,徐远飞,龚春梅,吴树法,莫俊銮,杨慧.三种药物诱导特应性皮炎样小鼠模型的铁死亡初探[J].中国实验动物学报,2025,33(10):1463~1472.

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  • 收稿日期:2025-03-27
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