Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) influence the progression and treatment of prostate cancer (PCa) by remodeling the tumor microenvironment (TME). Identifying the key molecular drivers of this remodeling is critical for advancing cancer research. The monoamine oxidase (MAO) family, comprising the subtypes MAOA and MAOB, is a group of mitochondrial outer membrane oxidases that regulate monoamine metabolism through oxidative deamination. Aberrant MAO expression is closely associated with PCa growth, invasion, metastasis, poor prognosis,and TME remodeling. This review, based on various animal models, systematically summarizes the biological roles of the distinct MAO subtypes in CAFs and their contributions to PCa pathogenesis. We further explore the potential of MAO inhibitors in combination therapies for PCa, focusing on their differential expression profiles and functional specificity. In addition, we propose precision diagnostic and therapeutic strategies targeting MAO subtypes, with the aim of identifying novel therapeutic targets for personalized PCa treatment.