Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of Tianma Xiongling Zhixuan tablets on the kidneys of spontaneously hypertensive model rat. Methods SHR were purchased as spontaneously hypertensive model rats, and WKY rats were used as normal blood pressure control rats. After adaptive feeding, the rats were divided into 4 groups: (1) Control group (WKY rats); (2) Model group (SHR); (3) Model + TZZT group (SHR+ Tianma Xiongling Zhixuan tablets gavage); ( 4) Model + Valsartan group ( SHR + valsartan gavage). Blood pressure was measured before and after gavage in each group of rats. ELISA and biochemical kits were used to detect TNF-α and GSH, and a biochemical analyzer was used to detect four renal function parameters (creatinine, uric acid,and urinary microalbumin). HE and TUNEL staining were used to detect the degree of kidney tissue damage and cell apoptosis, and immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of NF-κB P65, p-P65, SIRT1, and PGC-1α in kidney tissue. Results Compared with control group,levels of Model group TNF-α in the serum while the levels of GSH decreased and the levels of creatinine, uric acid, and microalbumin in urine increased. Compared model group, the systolic blood pressure of Model + TXZT and Model + Valsartan group rats significantly decreased, while the diastolic blood pressure showed a decreasing trend but not significant, indicating that Tianma Xiongling Zhixuan tablets and Valsartan have a hypotensive effect; Compared model group,the content of Model + TXZT and Model +Valsartan group TNF-α in rat serum decreased, while the content of GSH increased. Compared model group,the levels of the content of Model + TXZT and Model + Valsartan group creatinine, uric acid, and microalbumin in rat urine decreased, indicating that Tianma Xiongling Zhixuan tablets and Valsartan can inhibit the release of inflammatory factors, suppress oxidative stress, and enhance renal function. Compared with control group,The expression of Model group NF-κB P65 and p-P65 in the kidney tissue of spontaneously hypertensive rats increased, while the expression of SIRT1 and PGC-1αdecreased. Compared model group,the expression of Model + TXZT and Model + Valsartan group NF-κB P65 and p-P65 decreased, while the expression of SIRT1 and PGC-1α increased. This indicates that Tianma Xiongling Zhixuan tablets and Valsartan can increase the expression of SIRT1 and PGC-1α, inhibit the activation of the NF-κB pathway, and thus suppress the inflammatory response. Conclusions Tianma Xiongling Zhixuan tablets can have a protective effect on the kidneys of spontaneously hypertensive rats, by increasing the expression of SIRT1 and PGC-1α in the kidneys of spontaneously hypertensive model rats, reducing the expression of NF-κB P65 and pP65, and inhibiting inflammation related reactions.