Although the manned space flight has made great progress, but the problems that the astronauts adapt to weightlessness on the outerspace and the readjustment after their return to the earth, has not to conquer no matter in theory or in practice. The microgravity flight syndrome occurrence mechanism and the countermeasure remain an important task of aerospace medicine. Nowadays, it is unable to create long-term weightlessness environment on the ground, while we can realize the ground-based simulated weightlessness experiments according to the physiological effects of microgravity on the body. This paper summarizes the ground-based simulation techniques on microgravity in human and animals, in order to provide references on the researches of ground-based simulated microgravity.