【Abstract】 With the process of the aging society, the incidence rate of neurodegenerative diseases is increasing year by year. Zebrafish have many advantages that other model organisms do not have, such as unique growth and development mode, low price and easy reproduction, and highly similar to human genes. In the past decades, zebrafish as a model organism has been widely used in various research fields of medicine and life science. This article reviews the application and progress of zebrafish in the research of several common neurodegenerative diseases in recent years, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, spinal muscular atrophy, hereditary spastic paraplegia, and other diseases related to the nervous system. This review article analyzes and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of zebrafish as an ideal model organism. In future research, especially in the mechanism research of neurodegenerative diseases and large-scale screening of therapeutic drugs, zebrafish has considerable application prospects.