:The purpose of this study was to establish a new composite rat model of chronic skeletal muscle injury to explore the mechanisms and treatment methods of skeletal muscle injury. The model was established by combining vertical impact with prolonged forced sitting, and significant pathological changes and physiological dysfunction were observed. The model group rats had significantly lower open-field distances than the blank group, and HE staining showed muscle atrophy and rupture, as well as infiltration of inflammatory cells. The volcano plot in the sequencing results suggested significant differences in the Pf4 gene. The muscle tissue Go analysis of the model group rats showed upregulation of the oxygen binding and oxygen carrier activity pathways. KEGG analysis suggested that the chemokine signaling pathway and AMPK signaling pathway were activated. In conclusion, this study successfully established a composite model of skeletal muscle injury in rats, which can be used to study the pathological changes of skeletal muscle injury and evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of treatment methods, with practical application value.