With the intensification of aging, the incidence of osteoporosis (OP) has increased year by year and become one of the global public health problems. Its main features are decreased bone mass and destruction of bone microstructure, and clinically it often presents with pain, kyphosis, decreased height, and even fractures. At present, the clinical treatment methods are mainly Western medicine, but there are many drawbacks, and traditional Chinese medicine has the advantages of low price and small toxic side effects in the process of prevention and treatment of OP. As an important means in the basic research process of traditional Chinese medicine, the construction of animal models plays a very important role in the process of medical development, and the combination of disease evidence and animal models has become one of the indispensable methods for the modern research and development of traditional Chinese medicine in China. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the model construction and evaluation methods based on the current research status of disease evidence combined with OP animal models, in order to provide certain ideas and references for the research of disease evidence combined with OP animal models.