Objective To investigate the establishment of a rat model of perimenopausal dry eye with liver and kidney yin deficiency from the perspective of “measuring evidence by prescription” in Chinese medicine. Methods Thirty SPF-grade SD female rats were randomly divided into the sham-operated group, the model group, and the Qijvdihuang soup group, with 10 rats in each group. Except for the sham-operated group, the remaining 2 groups of rats underwent bilateral ovariectomy and were given 0.1% benzalkonium chloride eye drops combined with provocation method for 10 w to establish the model of perimenopausal dry eye with liver and kidney yin deficiency. At the end of modeling, rats in the Qijvdihuang soup group were gavaged with Qijvdihuang soup at a dose of 8.37 g/(kg·d), and rats in the blank group and the model group were gavaged with saline at a rate of 1 ml/100 (kg·d) for 21 d. The general conditions, the scores of retinal screen test, the amount of tear secretion, the time of tear film rupture, and the staining of corneal fluorescein of the rats in each group were observed and recorded; The enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) method was used to measure serum Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)、estradiol (E2) and progesterone (PROG) levels in rats; Hematoxycin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the pathological damage of cornea and lacrimal gland in rats; Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the inflammatory factor interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α)in the cornea of rats