The increased of blood pressure variability(BPV) plays important role in the occurrence and development of target organs such as heart, brain, kidney and blood vessel damage in hypertensive population, controlling BPV is an effective method to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with hypertensive.Through literature mining and collation, this article reviews the construction methods and model characteristics of rat models with increased BPV, in order to provide references for experimental research and clinical precise medication.