Objective: To establish and evaluate a rat model of chronic cerebral ischemia with Blood stasis due to qi deficiency using a disease-syndrome combination approach.Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham operation group (sham)， bilateral common carotid artery ligation group (2-VO)， and sleep deprivation combined with bilateral common carotid artery ligation group (SD + 2-VO)， with 10 rats in each group. Exhaustive swimming and tongue color assessment were used to evaluate the signs of blood stasis due to qi deficiency. The Barnes maze was employed to test cognitive function， laser speckle blood flow imaging was used to compare cerebral blood flow， and HE staining and myelin staining were conducted to observe pathological changes in the hippocampus and white matter. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation of neuronal ultrastructural changes in hippocampal CA1 region. NeuN， VEGFA and CD31 protein expression levels were analyzed using Western blot and IF.Results: Compared with the sham group， the 2-VO group exhibited decreased cerebral blood flow but did not fully replicate the clinical features of Qi deficiency and blood stasis. Compared with the 2-VO group， the SD + 2-VO group showed reduced activity， significantly decreased cerebral blood flow， shortened swimming time， and darkened tongue color. The Barnes maze results indicated a significant decline in learning and memory in the SD + 2-VO group. HE staining， transmission electron microscopy and myelin staining showed significant damage to neurons and white matter in the SD+2-VO group. These results suggest that the SD + 2-VO model replicates the clinical manifestations of chronic cerebral ischemia with Blood stasis due to qi deficiency.Conclusion: The combination of sleep deprivation and bilateral common carotid artery ligation successfully establishes a rat model of chronic cerebral ischemia with Blood stasis due to qi deficiency. Compared with the 2-VO model， the SD + 2-VO model exhibits more pronounced signs of Qi deficiency and blood stasis， aligning more closely with the clinical manifestations of this syndrome， thereby providing a foundation for research on chronic cerebral ischemia in traditional Chinese medicine.