Objective To construct a humanized chimeric mouse model by subcutaneously transplanting NOD- SCID immunodeficient mice with kidney-derived cells cultured from healthy human urine mixed with human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells ( HUVECs). Methods ( 1) Kidney-derived cells were isolated from healthy human urine and cultured in vitro. MSCs and HUVECs were also cultured in vitro. All three kinds of cells were identified by immunofluorescence. (2)The three cell types were then mixed in a ratio of 3 ∶ 3 ∶ 2 and injected subcutaneously with Matrigel into NOD-SCID mice to develop human tissue. The transplantation model was identified by hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. Results (1) Kidney-derived cells were successfully isolated and cultured from urine, and renal tubular epithelial cells and collecting duct cells were detectable and identified by immunohistochemistry. (2) After subcutaneous injection into NOD-SCID immunodeficient mice, the three kinds of cells initially developed tubule structures and human-derived vascular structures that communicated with the murine systemic circulation. Conclusions We successfully created a chimeric mouse model of the human renal vascular unit by subcutaneous transplantation of kidney-derived cells, HUVECs, and MSCs, including renal tubular epithelial cells and collecting tubular cells, into NOD-SCID immunodeficient mice. This model may provide a humanized animal model for research into the individualized treatment of human chronic kidney disease and kidney-related viral infections.