Being a new model animal, zebrafish has been widely used in many fields such as developmental biology, genetics, basic medicine, pharmacology and toxicology, drug development, and ecological environment evaluation because of its small size, short developmental cycle and transparency for easy observation. And with the increasing demand for functional foods, nutritional products, and natural cosmetic products, zebrafish has been a practical tool to effectively identify the active substances in natural products. In recent years, as a new internationally recognized vertebrate model animal, zebrafish have been used for the evaluation of biological activities such as antioxidant, immunomodulation, and cardioprotection of various plant polysaccharides and products. In this paper, we will introduce the progress of zebrafish as a model animal in the study of polysaccharides, especially plant polysaccharide bioactivity in recent years.