Hearing loss is a disease with complex pathogenic factors and unclear pathogenesis, which can seriously affect patient health and quality of life. There is thus a need for an animal model that can simulate human hearing loss, to allow research into the pathogenesis of hearing loss and provide a basis for its treatment. Existing classical modeling method involve drug injection, including intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin, gentamicin, mitochondrial toxin, D-galactose, furosemide and kanamycin, and neomycin, and congenital cytomegalovirus infection. Physical modeling method include noise, cervical spinal injection of sclerosing agent, ischemia reperfusion, and vasopressin injection. Other novel modeling method also exist, such as genetic modification. In this article, we review the advantages and disadvantages of the above modeling method, with the aim of providing a basis for further research on the modeling method of hearing loss.