Objective To establish a rat model of venous thrombosis in a plateau hypobaric hypoxic environment and to investigate the effect of this environment on venous thrombosis. Methods A total of 144 healthy male SD rats were assigned randomly to four groups (n= 36 rats per group): a plains sham operation (A) group, plains operation (B) group, plateau altitude 6000 m + sham operation (C) group, and plateau altitude 6000 m + surgery (D) group. Rats in A and B groups were maintained in a plains normoxic environment, while rats in C and D groups C and D were subjected to a plateau environment. Rats in the surgical groups underwent quantitative constriction to incompletely obstruct the inferior vena cava blood flow. Each group was further divided into subgroups based on time: 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 21 d (n= 6 rats per group). Regular vascular ultrasound monitoring was conducted, and blood samples were taken for whole blood viscosity testing and the assessment of inflammatory indicators, including endothelin-1 (ET-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tissue factor (TF). Coagulation function was evaluated through the activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT), prothrombin time(PT), thrombin time(TT), fibrinogen(FIB) and D-dimer. After the observation period, the experimental animals were sacrificed and the limbs were removed. Thrombus samples were stained with hematoxylin/eosin(HE), and the thrombus wet mass was measured. Results The thrombosis incidence was significantly higher in the plateau D group than in B group, accompanied by a marked increase in blood viscosity and hematocrit (P<.01). Additionally, levels of ET-1, IL-6, and TF were significantly elevated (P<.05), indicating a coagulation disorder. Conclusions A plateau hypoxic environment model can be successfully simulated by quantitative coarctation of the inferior vena cava, combined with a specialized environmental chamber. The findings of this study suggest that a plateau hypoxic environment promotes venous thrombosis.