Inflammatory bowel disease ( IBD) is a non-specific chronic inflammatory bowel condition. Crohn’s disease(CD) and ulcerative colitis(UC) are the 2 main types of IBD. IBD is prone to recurrent attacks,which is associated with many factors, such as immune dysfunction, intestinal microenvironment homeostasis imbalance, and environmental and genetic factors; however, its specific pathogenesis is still unclear. Zebrafish has recently emerged as an emerging animal model and have been used extensively for mechanistic research into IBD,model construction, activity evaluation, and screening of anti-IBD agents, due to their unique biological advantages.Based on the latest research progress using zebrafish in the field of IBD, this review systematically introduces the intestinal development characteristics, tissue structure, intestinal immunity, IBD model, and the application of drug screening in zebrafish, to demonstrate the value of zebrafish in the study of IBD.