【Abstract】 objective Study the establishment of newborn Balb / c mouse biliary obstruction model, and sthe model was compared with reported neonatal Balb / c mice infected rhesus monkey rotavirus (RRV). Methods Postnatal 5 to 7 days Balb / c mice were randomly divided into experimental group and the control group, in the experimental group the common bile duct ligation was taken, and then the abdomen was closed. In the control group the abdomen was opened without the ligation of the common bile duct and then was closed. After the completion of the experiment the body weight of the mice, hairless skin color changes, the mice survival days were Observed daily .the murine liver pathology and immunohistochemistry were taken at 5, 10 days . Results Experimental results show that mice after ligation with the time, the body weight of mice, no skin color of the gross area, the number of days of survival, liver pathology and so exist a certain change。The mice weight gain gradually slow and after two days the no gross area of skin turn yellow , yellow liquid exist in the urethra and then Clay stools. Postoperative 5 days and 10 days there is a statistically significant difference (p ≤ 0.05 ) about hepar somatic indices, Mice death peak occurs around 10 days after operation . Conclusion The establishment of Newborn Balb / c mice common bile duct ligation is a reliable model model of study biliary obstruction . Its survival curves is broadly similar to the reported RRV induced biliary atresia.