【】Objective To study the effect and mechanism of Smilax glabra Roxb. flavonoids (SGF) on myocardial hypertrophy and cardiac inflammation induced by isoproterenol (ISO) in mice. Methods C57/6J mice were randomly divided into normal group, ISO model group (1.25mg/kg.d), SGF low-dose group (50mg/kg.d) and SGF high-dose group (100mg/kg.d). SGF administration groups were given prophylactic administration for 7 days before modeling, and then ISO subcutaneous injection was performed in each group, and echocardiography was performed after continuous injection for 7 days; Serum was separated from orbital blood, and the contents of NT-proBNP and inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in blood were detected. Myocardial specimens were collected and the pathological changes of myocardial tissue were observed, the myocardial ROS levels were detected by DHE staining. And the mRNA levels of heart-related hypertrophy genes and the changes in the expression of key factor proteins in the inflammatory grade pathway of NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-18 were detected in myocardial tissue. Results SGF prophylactic administration decreased IVSd, IVSs, and EF in echocardiography and increased LVIDs, LVIDd, and ESV. The contents of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and NT-proBNP in blood were decreased, and the mRNA expression levels of heart-related hypertrophy genes ANP, BNP and β-MHC were inhibited. The increase of myocardial ROS level was inhibited. The protein expression of NLRP3, Caspase-1(p20) and IL-18, which are key factors in the NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-18 inflammatory pathway, was down-regulated in myocardial tissue. The hypertrophy and disordered arrangement of cardiomyocytes were improved, the increase of fibroblasts outside myocardial fibers was reduced, and the infiltration of inflammatory cells and fibrosis of myocardial tissue were alleviated. Conclusion SGF can improve ISO-induced myocardial hypertrophy and cardiac inflammation in mice, which may act through the NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-18 inflammatory grade pathway.