As a disease with complex pathogenic factors and unclear pathogenesis,hearing loss can cause low hearing inpatients,which seriously affects the health and quality of life of patients. In order to better explore the pathogenesis of hearing loss and provide a basis for its treatment research, it is of great value to establish an animal model that can simulate human hearing loss. The existing classical methods for modeling are drug injection, including intrabitoneal injection of cisplatin,gentaminic, mitochondrial toxin,D-galactose,furoxide and kanamycin, neomycin and congenital cytomegalovirus, etc. Physical modeling methods include noise, cervical spine injection of shardener, ischemia reperfusion, vasopressin injection, etc. In addition, there are other novel modeling methods such as genetic modification technology. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of the above-mentioned modeling methods are reviewed, hoping to provide a basis for further research on the modeling methods of hearing loss.