Objective To explore the mechanism of the Qiwei Tangmaishu Capsules in the treatment of type 2 diabetes based on network pharmacology and animal experiments. Methods TCMSP, ETCM, HERB, and BATMAN-TCM databases were used to query all components and their targets in Qiwei Tangmaishu capsules; OMIM, Drugbank, GeneCard, and Disgenet databases were used to search for targets of type 2 diabetes with "Type 2 diabetes" as the Keyword; The targets of type 2 diabetes and Qiwei Tangmaishu capsules were intersected by Venny 2.1.0. Perform GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis on intersecting targets using the Metascape website. The model of type 2 diabetes mice was established, Qiwei Tangmaishu capsules was given to low, medium, and high dose groups (234, 468, 936 mg/kg), and metformin group (200 mg/kg) for two weeks. The weight of mice was measured before and after treatment, and fasting blood glucose was measured. After 2 weeks of administration, fasting insulin was measured; ELISA was used to detect the levels of inflammatory factors IL-1 β, TNF - α, IL-6, TLR4, and NF - κ B in serum; Hematoxylin eosin staining was used to observe the morphology of pancreatic islets, while Caspase 3 and INS immunofluorescence were used to detect apoptosis of pancreatic islet cells and the number of pancreatic beta cells. Western Blot assay was used to detect the expression levels of pancreatic tissue proteins such as p-Akt, Akt, p-PI3K, PI3K, Bax, Bcl-2. Results A total of 61 potential active ingredients and 1260 active ingredient targets were identified in Qiwei Tangmaishu capsules; 1205 targets of type 2 diabetes were found. 312 targets were intersected by Venny, with core targets involving Akt1, TNF, IL6, TLR4, etc; Enrichment analysis identified 240 KEGG pathways, among which "insulin resistance", "PI3K/Akt signaling pathway", and "apoptosis" were the key pathways enriched. The animal experiment results showed that compared with the model group, the intervention of Qiwei Tangmaishu Capsules and Metformin significantly improved blood glucose and insulin resistance; The content of inflammatory factors in serum decreased, and the apoptosis rate of pancreatic islet cells significantly decreased; The number of pancreatic beta cells significantly increased; The expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bax decreased, while the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 significantly increased, and the expression of p-PI3K and p-Akt was upregulated. Conclusions Qiwei Tangmaishu Capsules can significantly reduce the blood glucose level, restore insulin sensitivity, and reduce islet cell apoptosis in type 2 diabetes mice. The mechanism may be related to the activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.