Mice have been widely used in the study of primary liver cancer due to their high similarity of genome to human, strong reproductive ability, low cost of model construction, and easy genetic manipulation, including molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis and potential drug targets. Traditional animal models are increasingly difficult to meet the needs of precision medicine research due to their inability to reproduce tumor microenvironment interactions and control the specificity of molecular subtypes. This paper systematically compared the technical advantages of tail vein high-pressure injection combined transposon system (HTVI-TS) with traditional models in liver cancer research, and focused on the application value of HTVI-TS model in the mechanism study of tumorigenesis and development, immunotherapy response prediction, and individualized evaluation of targeted drugs. This paper reveals a new research platform for precise diagnosis and treatment by simulating the heterogeneous evolution process of liver cancer. This paper provides a theoretical basis for optimizing the selection of preclinical research models for liver cancer, and looks forward to the expansion potential of this technology in liver cancer research.