Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pulmonary interstitial fibrosis (PIF) are two chronic pulmonary diseases that severely impair lung function. COPD combined with PIF (COPD-PIF) exacerbates lung tissue damage, accelerates disease progression, and significantly worsens patient prognosis. However, the exact pathogenesis of COPD-PIF remains unclear, and effective treatment options are still lacking. In recent years, animal models have played a crucial role in elucidating the pathological mechanisms of COPD-PIF and facilitating new drug development. Currently, COPD models are primarily established through single-factor induction (such as cigarette smoke exposure or lipopolysaccharide injection) or multi-factor combination methods, while PIF models mainly rely on bleomycin induction. The administration route (e.g., intratracheal instillation, aerosol inhalation, or intravenous injection) significantly affects the stability and reproducibility of these models. Although various COPD-PIF animal models have been developed and utilized for research, challenges remain in establishing a standardized and reliable model that fully mimics human disease characteristics. Additionally, the order in which COPD and PIF are induced may influence pathological manifestations, but there is no consensus in current studies. To further investigate the pathogenesis of COPD-PIF and identify effective therapeutic strategies, future research should focus on optimizing modeling techniques, improving model stability and reproducibility, and developing animal models that better reflect the clinical characteristics of COPD-PIF. These efforts will contribute to advancing fundamental research and facilitating new drug development in this field.