Subretinal fibrosis (subretinal fibrosis,SRFi) is a terminal pathological feature of blinding eye diseases such as age-related macular degeneration, uveitis, and proliferative vitreoretinopathy, leading to poor visual prognosis for patients. Currently, there are limited treatment options for anti-subretinal fibrosis, highlighting the urgency of research into its mechanisms and the development of therapies. Animal models have made some progress in recent years as core tools for elucidating the pathological mechanisms of SRFi and developing treatment strategies. This article compares and analyzes the applicability of models such as mice, rats, rabbits, pigs, and non-human primates in simulating the pathological features of SRFi, summarizing existing modeling strategies including laser photocoagulation, chemical injury, genetic engineering, and combined interventions. However, current models still have limitations in terms of pathological reproducibility and time controllability, and there is a need to further establish standardized, highly reproducible models to promote the development of anti-subretinal fibrosis therapies and overcome the bottlenecks in SRFi treatment.