Establishment and Evaluation of a Rat Model of Blood Stasis Syndrome in Rheumatoid Arthritis
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1.The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou,Guangdong Province;2.Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital;3.Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine

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The National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Program, Key Program, Major Research Plan)

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    Abstract:

    Objective To construct collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat models of different blood stasis syndrome types and evaluate various modeling methods, thereby providing a basis for establishing stable and reliable rat models of blood stasis syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods Based on the CIA rat model, six different blood stasis models were established by superimposing various factors including adrenaline injection, ice-water bath stimulation, starvation, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration, and high-fat diet feeding. The modeling methods were comprehensively evaluated by measuring joint swelling, arthritis index (AI) scoring, Micro-CT, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, as well as assessing blood routine, hemodynamic parameters, and detecting inflammatory markers, coagulation indicators, and blood stasis-related indices via ELISA. Results Compared with the control group, the CIA-only group showed significantly increased inflammatory markers, hematological parameters, hemodynamic indices, and coagulation indicators. Micro-CT revealed significant bone destruction, and H&E staining indicated rough articular surfaces and inflammatory cell infiltration. On this basis, different superimposed stimuli aggravated blood stasis-related manifestations to varying degrees: The CIA + Adr and CIA + LPS groups exhibited comprehensive increases in inflammation, coagulation, and vasoactive substances. The CIA + Adr + ice-water bath group showed worsened inflammation along with partial decreases in hemodynamic parameters. The CIA + Adr + ice-water bath + starvation group demonstrated abnormalities in inflammatory and coagulation markers alongside reductions in certain factors. The CIA + LPS + high-fat diet and CIA + high-fat diet groups primarily exhibited abnormalities in hematological and vascular endothelial indicators. Conclusion Multiple stimuli can successfully induce different blood stasis syndrome types in CIA model rats, with certain differences observed. This study provides a comprehensive multidimensional evaluation of various modeling methods for RA blood stasis syndrome, offering an experimental basis for further research into the pathogenesis and treatment strategies of this disease pattern.

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History
  • Received:May 13,2025
  • Revised:August 31,2025
  • Adopted:November 05,2025
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