Abstract:Objective To investigate whether the HCMV infection can cause the injury to the tissues of testicles and ovaries in rats and rabbits. Methods Fifty rats and thirty rabbits were infected with HCMV. Tissues were examined by method of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Parts of them were paraffined and dyed by HE technique. Results HCMV antigen and its DNA section were found in the testicles and ovaries of rats and rabbits. The reduction of spermatids was found in testicles with degeneration and necrosis of spermatogenetic cells. Conclusion The rats and rabbits infected with HCMV showed damages of their spermatogenetic cells and a decrease in the number of spermatozoa.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of congenital glaucoma in rabbits.Methods Normal rabbits and congenital spontaneous glaucoma rabbits were clnically compared in their corneal diameter,anterior chamber depth,anterior chamber angle,ocular axis length,fundus,intraocular pressure,FVEP,etc.Results It was observed that the corneal diameter was enlarged,anterior chamber depth increased,angle widened,ocular axis lengthened,the optic disc and visual function severely damaged in rabbits with congenital glarcoma. Conclusions The location of aqueous humor drainage obstacle might be at trabecular meshwork of the congenital glaucoma,whose poor endurance of high intraocular pressure could result in the globe expansion and optic disc damage.

Abstract:Objective To investigate histological and ultrastructural changes in myocardium and liver from rats chronically exposed to an altitude of 3 418 m. Methods 20 Wistar rats (male and female each half) were transported to the altitude from an area of 5m above sea level within 6 days. 8 weeks later, the heart and liver tissues of the rats were got and observed under light and electron microscope and the number of RBC and concentration of Hb measured before and after exposure to the altitude. Results The main histological changes in cardiac and liver tissues were cell swelling ,that is, myocardial granular degeneration and liver hydrophobic change. Other lesions were myocytoplasm condensation, liver acidophilic degeneration and small necrotic foci within myocardial fiber, without necroses observed in liver tissue. The main ultrastructural changes included dilation of myoplasmic reticulum, swelling of mitochondria and a decrease in glucogen granule. No irreversible damage was observed such as mitochondria with bar-like,three-membrane or high-density-membrane crista and margination of chromatin. There were protrusions extending to capillary cavity from endothelial cells which also had cytoplasmic swelling and fewer pinosome. In addition, the number of RBC and concentration of Hb increased significantly. Conclusions Myocardial and liver alterations of the rats exposed to a high altitude (3 418 m) for 8 weeks were reversible. Left ventricle alteration was not significantly different from that of the right, and the liver lesions were less severe than those in myocardium.

Abstract:目的 对北京市肿瘤研究所及本实验动物学部保存的S180进行了克隆培养，根据克隆细胞的腹水生长特性，从中选出8株克隆，对不同克隆S180细胞的特性进行研究。方法 免疫组化法测不同克隆细胞的蛋白质分布，流式细胞仪测定不同克隆细胞的DNA含量，扫描电镜观察克隆细胞表面结构，SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳测克隆细胞的电泳图谱。结果 其中3株克隆从可见腹水之日起，腹水即为血性；1株微显血性；4株在接种腹腔7日内腹水无血性。扫描电镜观察6株克隆细胞表面结构，各具特点，有所不同。流式细胞仪测定6株不同S180克隆细胞DNA含量，分别为8.5, 9.3，7.9，8.5，8.6，8.3pg。免疫组化染色显示不同克隆与11种抗体反应有所不同，一旦与某抗体反应阳性，则阳性细胞比率均在97%以上。SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳测定克隆细胞S1H10及S2D9的电泳图谱，S1H10克隆细胞有33条带，S2D9克隆细胞有30条带。 结论 8株克隆细胞各具特点。

Abstract:Objective To investigate the safety of EEP, an ethanol extract of propolis. Methods The acute toxicant and irritant tests on rabbit skin and the sensitive test on guinea pig were done with 0.5% of EEP. Results It was found that at the scratched area of one rabbit each in EEP group with scratched skin and no-EEP group with scratched skin, reddish skin appeared 24 hours after inunctum and disappeared at 48 hours. Skin, hair ,eyes, mucous membrane, respiration and CNS all showed no toxicity reaction. And no skin stimulation and no skin hypersensitivity were observed in all groups. Conclusion EEP is a relatively safe pesticide for external parasites of laboratory animals.

Abstract:目的 探讨L型嗜肺巴氏杆菌在诊断学及流行病学上的意义。方法 青霉素液体法诱导，并对嗜肺巴氏杆菌L型的生物学特性进行系统观察。结果 嗜肺巴氏杆菌L型具有典型的“煎蛋状”（L型）和“丝状”（F 型）菌落，扫描电镜观察，L型菌体呈球状、杆状、长丝状；革兰染色呈阴性、缠绕的长丝体，并具有圆球体及巨型体，细胞壁染色显示细胞壁缺失；对紫外线、新洁尔灭抵抗力较原菌增强5~10倍；自然干燥环境中，原菌2 d死亡，而L型可存活12 d；能透过0.45μm滤膜；回复的最初几代，其菌体形态较原菌大数倍。结论 L型嗜肺巴氏杆菌在形态学方面有较大变化，对理化因素及外界环境抵抗力增强，有可能透过胎盘屏障垂直传播。本研究提示L型嗜肺巴氏杆菌在该菌诊断学及流行病学上有重要意义。

Abstract:目的 观察不同方式抽取的新西兰白兔骨髓中成纤维细胞集落形成单位（CFU-F）数量差异。方法 通过计数在体外培养条件下定量接种骨髓的CFU-F克隆数量观察了新西兰白兔胫骨、股骨、坐骨上三个穿刺点抽取的骨髓中CFU-F在下述情况中的数量差异：1. 同一部位分别抽取不同量骨髓（0.2 ml、2 ml、2 ml、1 ml）；2. 同一部位前后两次（间隔一周）抽取同量骨髓（2 ml）；3. 不同性别；4. 不同年龄（4~6个月、1~1.5岁、2.5~3岁）。结果 1. 与首次抽取骨髓（0.2 ml）比较，各穿刺点第二次抽取的骨髓（2 ml）CFU-F数量虽略有下降，但变化不明显，继续抽取骨髓（分别为2 ml、1 ml）其CFU-F值均比前一次抽取的骨髓明显下降。通过检测股骨上穿刺点每次抽取前的骨髓像变化证实这种现象是穿刺部位骨髓被外周血稀释的结果；2. 胫骨骨髓中CFU-F数量略低于股骨和坐骨骨髓；3. 同一部位后次抽取的骨髓CFU-F数量明显低于前次；4. 雄性兔骨髓CFU-F数量略低于雌性兔，但差异无显著性；5. 上述三个年龄组骨髓中CFU-F数量无明显差异。结论 在研究兔骨髓基质细胞时，若实验要求应用较为纯净的骨髓，抽取骨髓量应在2 ml以内为宜或多处取材，避免短期内在同一部位重复取材。

Abstract:Objective To compare three tests and statistical methods in the measurement sensitivity of learning and memory function in rat by step through avoidance response. Methods Learning and memory dysfunction rat models caused by injuring neuron of basal forebrain and injecting scopolamine were adopted and studied on by three methods of simple mono-test,simple multi-test and scoring multi-test. Results For learning and memory dysfunction rat model caused by injuring neuron of basal forebrain, latency time could not indicate significant difference between model and control by simple mono-test, whereas the two kinds of indication in simple multi-test could.The latter was also better than scoring multi-test. The results for learning and memory dysfunction rat model caused by injecting scopolamine were similar to models above. Conclusion Simple multi-test is the most sensitive method for measuring learning and memory in animal by step through voidance response.

Abstract:Objective To isolate ES cell colonies on a feeder layer. Methods Mouse embryos of 13-14 days were for the cultivation of primary mouse embryo fibroblasts (PMEF) which turned to be a feeder layer for blastocysts. Results The inner cell mass (ICM) of blastocysts grew well on the feeder layer of PMEF.The proliferation rate of ICM was 57%. After 48 hours of ICM disagregation ES colonies began to appear,showing strong AKP activity. Conclusion It is a preliminary success for the feeder layer to produce embryonic stem cell lines.

Abstract:目的 比较研究三个单位保种的艾氏腹水癌细胞（EAC）染色体数目及DNA含量。方法 取腹腔接种EAC 6 d的KM小鼠，腹腔注射秋水仙碱，取腹水，经低渗处理，固定后涂片，染色，显微镜下染色体计数；腹水传代的EAC，用70%乙醇固定，流式细胞仪测DNA含量。结果 山东省医学科学院药物研究所（山东）、武汉大学典型培养物保藏中心（武汉）和北京市肿瘤研究所（北京）保种的艾氏腹水癌细胞株，其染色体均数分别为28.31±7.78、29.16±12.25、23.22±10.21条，方差分析表明，除北京与山东外，武汉与北京、武汉与山东两两比较有极显著差异（P<0.01）。直方图分析显示主流染色体范围分别为25-27、22-24、22-24条。北京艾氏腹水癌细胞 DNA含量最多，山东艾氏腹水癌细胞DNA含量最少。结论 三个单位的艾氏腹水癌细胞株在某些方面已出现差异。

Abstract:Objective To develop a model for the investigation of the airway inflammation and immunological changes of KM-mouse. Methods 20 KM-mice were devided into 2 groups. One group was sensitized by OVA through airway, the other by PBS instead, with histamine releasing in lung, lymphocyte increasing in number, antibody production measured and pulmonary pathological changes examined. Results There were significant differences between OVA group and PBS group. Conclusion The nebulized inhalation of OVA could make a model for increased airway responses in the mouse.

Abstract:Objective To explore the influence of yeast polysaccharides (YPS)on immune system of chicken. Methods YPS were given per stomach(20mg/kg)or intramuscularly (2mg/kg) in order to study the effect on spleen,Fabricicus' bursa and T-lymphocyte of chicken. Results The results showed that the gains in weight of spleen,bursa folds and the number of T-lymphocyte were higher in study groups than in control group. Conclusion YPS can improve immunologic function of chicken, showing its potential application in poultry breeding.