Abstract:Objective To compare the condition of illness and pathological characteristics of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)in C57 BL/6 mouse models induced by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35-55 (MOG35-55)at different doses,and provide a reliable animal model for further study of multiple sclerosis(MS).Methods Male SPF-grade C57 BL/6 mice were divided randomly into four groups:normal group and three EAE model groups (MOG35-55 high-dose,middle-dose and low-dose model groups).200,100,50μg MOG35-55/mice were mixed with complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA),respectively,to prepare complete antigen in different concentrations.The mice were anesthetized and injected s.c.over flanks with the complete antigen and injected i.P.with pertussis toxin to establish immunization-induced C57BL/6 mouse-model of EAE.The mice of the normal group were injected with normal saline instead.Since the day of immunization,the incidence,body weight and neurological score of the mice were observed.The mice of different neurological scores in different periods were anesthetized and perfused with saline and followed by 4% paraformaldehyde.The brain and spinal cord of the mice were removed and fixed in the same fixative solution.The brains and spinal cords of the mice were examined by histopathology with hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining.The mice on the 40th day were sacrificed and perfused with 2% paraformaldehyde and 2% glutaraldehyde, 1 mm~3 pieces of cerebral white matter and intumescentia lumbalis of the spinal cord were taken and ultrathin sections were prepared according to conventional techniques for electron microscopy. Results All the MOG_(35-55) in three different doses induced mouse models of EAE. The disease was with an incidence rate of 100% and a chronic monophasic course. The body weight of the mice in the three groups decreased obviously compared with those in the normal group. The maximum value of neurological score was 1.33,2.25 and 2.50 in the mice of high-, middle-and low-dose groups, respectively. The major histopathological changes observed in the brain and spinal cord of the EAE mice were different degrees of inflammatory cell infiltration around small vessels showing sleeve-like changes, dcmyelination and neuronal karyopyknosis in the acute and remission stages. The main site of the brain inflammation was in white matter around encephalocoele, and also in the DG and CA zones of hippocampus. The spinal cord inflammation was most severe in the lumbosacral region. The above mentioned pathological changes in the low-dose group were more prominent than those in the middle-dose and high-dose groups. The major ultrastructural changes were scattered around encephalocoele, interstitial edema, especially around small blood vessels, and swollen mitochondria with damaged cristae, and some karyopyknosis in vascular endothelial cells. Some tight junctions were blurred. Some dispersed lymphocytes and mononuclear cells were seen in the perivascular space. In lumbar intumescentia of the spinal cord, there were some myelin figures in the white matter myelin sheath. Some of them showed demyelization and structurtal fusion. The cytoplasmic organelles of axons were considerably reduced or even disappeared. The vascular basement membrane showed an increased thickness and focal necrosis in some areas. Conclusion The mouse models of immune-induced EAE are successfully established with MOG_(35-55), especially that induced with MOG in a dose of 50 μg. This mouse model is stable, with a high incidence and low mortality rate, and can be applied for EAE research in the future.

Abstract:Objective To establish an orthotopic rat model of bladder cancer induced by N-methyl-nitrosourea(MNU) and to evaluate the diagnostic value of CT(computed tomography) scanning in this experimental model.Methods 50 SD rats were randomly divided into the control group(group A) with 15 rats and experimental group(group B) with 35 rats.Each rat of group B was treated with 2 mg MNU per dose every other week,totally 4 doses,by per urethra administration.Meanwhile,each rat of group A was treated with normal saline....

Abstract:Objective To investigate the changes of T cells and disease development in the mice with Smad3 deficiency in the bone marrow cells.Methods Bone marrow cells obtained from Smad3 null(Smad3~(-/-)) mice and wild type(Smad3~(+/+)) mice were injected to(()Co~(60))-irradiated GFP mice,respectively.The general states of the bone marrow recipients were observed.The mice were sacrificed at the sixth week and the histopathological changes in the intestines were examined.The changes of T cells from lymph nodes were de...

Abstract:Objective To establish rat models of polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) induced by different methods,to assess the serum levels of several related hormones,to examine the morphological changes in the ovaries,and to discuss their significance.Methods Letrozol,sodium prasterone sulfate,or sodium prasterone sulfate combined with human chorionic gonadotropin were used to establish rat models of PCOS.Radioimmunoassay was used to measure the serum levels of luteinizing hormone(LH),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),e...

Abstract:Objective Objective In order to better keep up with the development of transplantation immunobiology,we established and compared two types of mouse heterotopic heart transplantation,and hope to help further organ transplantation studies.Methods According to the surgical procedures of Ono's type and Chen's type of mouse model of heterotopic heart transplantation with some modification,we performed celiac and cervical heteropotic heart transplantation between iso-strains and hetero-strains,and compared the op...

Abstract:Objective To study the expression and significance of cyclin A1 in the skin of wild-type mice at RNA level.Methods Thirty 6-12-week old wild-type Kunming mice(15 male and 15 female) were included in this study.In situ hybridization was used to detect the expression of cyclin A1 mRNA in the skin of head and neck of the mice.The skin treated without probe was regarded as negative control and the testis of male mice was taken as positive control.Results The expression of cyclin A1 mRNA was found in sebaceous g...

Abstract:Objective To investigate the effect of soybean isoflavone on histology and uhrastructure of benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats.Methods Male SD rats were injected subcutaneously testosterone propionate for 28 d to induce prostatic hyperplasia,and the rats were divided into 5 groups:control group,model group,and 3 test groups with SI in a dose of 60 mg/(kg·d),120 mg/(kg·d) and 240 mg/(kg·d),respectively.The wet prostate weight,prostatic index,morphological,uhrastmetural and morphometrie changes of the prostatic shndular and interstitial tissues were observed.Results The prostate wet weight,prostatic index and prostatic volumes in all dose groups were significantly lower than those in the models.In comparison with the model group,height of prostatic epithelial cells,glandular average diameters,volumes and surface areas in unit volume,as well as glandular circumferences,glandular relative total volumes and interstitial relative total volumes were all significantly decreased.Glandular counts,density,ratio of glandular surface area to volume,and glandular average curvature were all increased.Conclusions Soybean isoflavone can inhibit prostatic hyperplasia in rats.

Abstract:Objective To study the location and the expression of nerve growth factor(NGF) in mouse testes at different developmental stages.Methods The testes were taken out from mice at different developmental stages,respectively.Parts of the testis tissue were used to extract total RNA and real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of NGF.The rest tissues were fixed and embedded in paraffin.SABC immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the location of NGF in the testes. Results Real-time PCR results sho...

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the method of establishment of a minipig model of ischemic heart failure(HF) with acute myocardial infarction(AMI) by coronary balloon occlusion and coadministration of injecting of microthrombi and plastic microspheres.Methods A total of eighteen minipigs were selected.After coronary angiography,angioplasty balloons were placed in the mid-distal of left anterior descending(LAD).The balloon was inflated intermittently to occlude the LAD 3 times and then to occlude it continuously for 1...

Abstract:Objective To obtain the full-length cDNA sequences of CYP2E1,CYP2D5,ECHS1,which may be related with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,from Microtus fortis.Methods To construct Microtus fortis liver cDNA plasmid library using SMART technique,to get the purposed colonies through screening libraries by PCR,and to obtain their full-length cDNA sequences by sequencing with pBluescript II SK universal primers M13R.Results Three full-length cDNA sequences of Microtus fortis,CYP2E1,CYP2D5 and ECHS1 were obtained.Th...

Abstract:Objective To analyze the Cyt b gene sequences in Tibet mini-pigs and clarify the differences and genetic relationship with other Chinese pigs. Method The sequence of Cyt b gene was amplified from genome DNA of Tibet mini-pig,Bama miniature pigs,Guizhou xiang pigs and Wuzhishan(WZS) pigs.After sequencing,the base sequences were compared and analysed.The blood relationship tree and evolution position of Tibet mini-pig were established. Result There were 14 mutation sites between domestic pigs in China and pig...

Abstract:Objective To study the effect of tail-suspending on myostatin(MSTN) expression in the soleus muscle of rats.Methods The MSTN mRNA levels in soleus muscle of tail-suspended and normal control rats were measured and compared.Results The MSTN mRNA in soleus muscle of tail-suspended rats was 2.2 times(hind limb unloading for 14 days) and 3.5 times(hind limb unloading for 30 days) higher than that in normal control rats(P<0.05).The relative wet weight of the soleus muscle in tail-suspended rats was decreased by ...

Abstract:Objective To study the factor affecting the efficiency of establishment of parthenogenetic stem cells(PESCs) in mice.Methods PESC lines were derived from parthenogenetically activated blastocyst inner cell mass of different mice strains and cultured in different systems.Results The efficiency of establishing the pESC showed no significant difference in hybrid and inbred lines.But the efficiency was increased in culture systems added with ERK inhibitor or knockout serum replacement(KSR).Conclusion The effici...

Abstract:Objective To investigate the differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells into neurons and transplantation of the stem cells to repair rat hemisection spinal cord injury.Methods Adherent culture was used to isolate and culture rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs).The rat spinal cord homogenate supernatant was used to induce neural differentiation of the 3rd generation cells.The nature of cell differentiation was identified by immunohistochemistry.The rat model of hemisection spinal ...

Abstract:Objective To construct a 5-lipoxygenase(5-LO) transgenic mouse model of atherosclerosis.Methods Purified 5-LO fragment was injected into male pronucli and the firtilized eggs were transplanted into pseudopregnant mice.PCR and Southern blot were used to detect the genotype of DNA separated from the newborn mouse tail tissues.RT-PCR and Western blot analysis were used to detect the gene transcription and expression.Results PCR and Southern blot results showed that 7 of 25 mice were transgenic mice.Expression ...

Abstract:Objective To establish a rat model of ulcerative colitis by immunological sensitization combined with local acetic acid irritation.Methods Thirty healthy 2-3-month-old Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:normal control group,model group and SASP-treated model group(n = 10 rats per group).The ulcerative colitis in the model group and positive group was developed by immunological sensitization with rabbit colon mucosal proteins and local irritation with 5% acetic acid.The rats of the model and pos...

Abstract:Objective To establish a rat model of peritoneal bacterial infection after liver transplantation.Methods To construct a dark Agouti rat-to-Lewis(DA-to-LEW) rat model of liver transplantation.Peritoneal bacterial infection in the rats was induced by intraperitoneal injection of bacterial suspension.The liver function,blood gas,blood cell count and other indicators of the rat models were detected.Results There was a high mortality rate in rats with bacterial injection at day 5 after liver transplantation,ther...

Abstract:Objective To compare the effects of resuscitation at pure oxygen environment(100% oxygen) or room air environment(21% oxygen) on the ultrastructure of cerebral cortical neurons in hypoxic neonatal rat.Methods Twenty Sprague-Dawley neonatal rats aged 7 days were divided into the pure oxygen environment(POE) and room air environment groups(RAE) after hypoxia,and each group was divided again into 24 h and 72 h subgroups.The pups were placed in an incubator containing 8% O_2 to be at acute hypoxia continued for...

Abstract:Objective To characterize the major physiological and biochemical indexes of rabbits introduced to Tibet plateau,to provide the essential reference in experimental studies on rabbits,and to serve the relevant clinical treatment,teaching work and scientific research.Methods Twelve serum biochemical parameters of Californian rabbits and Chinese white rabbits introduced to Tibet since 20 years ago were measured with an automatic biochemistry analyzer.Results In the California rabbits,the values of ALB,TP,A/G,C...

Abstract:Relapse is the reinstatement of drug-seeking and drug-taking behaviors following a period of abstinence.It is one of the main characteristics of drug addiction and is also the major problem requiring immediate action for the treatment of drug addiction.In this review,in order to offer new ideas to eventually treat drug addiction,efforts are made to describe the establishment of two animal models of relapse-the drug self-administration (SA) and extinctionreinstatement procedure,and the drug-conditioned place preference(CPP) and extinction-reactivation procedure.Then attention is given to assess the criterion validity of the animal models of relapse and to explore the neurobiological mechanisms involved in relapse.

Abstract:Small ubiquitin-like modifiers(SUMO) are a family of proteins that modulate important functional properties,including protein interaction,subcellular localization,protein dimerization,DNA binding and/or transactivation of transcription factors.It has been suggested that SUMO proteins may play an important role in breast carcinogenesis by sumoylation of estrogen signaling proteins such as co-regulators,and breast cancer-related proteins.

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