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ZHANG Kai-hua , WANG Fei , HU Hui-min , HUANG Hua , AN Yi-hua
2014, 22(2):1-5. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-4847.2014.02.000
Abstract:Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC) on the inflammatory response of microglial cells. Methods The samples were divided into four groups. Group Ⅰ: microglial (BV-2) cells were cultured in DMEM (high glucose). Group Ⅱ: BV-2 cells were cultured in DMEM containing lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Group Ⅲ: BV-2cells and BMMSCs were co-cultured in DMEM. Group Ⅳ: BMMSCs were cultured in DMEM containing LPS. The growth state and ultrastructure of BV-2 cells were observed and the changes of TNF-α expression were detected. Results Different cell densities of BV-2 cells were observed under the optical microscope in an order from high level to low level: group Ⅰ > group Ⅲ > group Ⅱ. The expressions of TNF-α were: group Ⅱ > group Ⅲ > group Ⅰ. Ultrastructural observation of BV-2 cells showed that there were a large number of swollen mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, some of them showed vacuolization. No BV-2 cells with multiple hucleoli were found in the group Ⅱ indicating the absence of active cell growth. At the same time, cytolysis was observed only in the group Ⅱ. The growth of BV-2 cells in the group Ⅲ was better than that in the group Ⅱ.Conclusions BMMSCs can inhibit inflammatory response of microglial cells, therefore, play a neuroprotective role.
ZHU Hong-lei , SHI Yuan , ZENG Yong-qing , CHEN Wei , XU Zheng-gang , ZHANG Zhe , YANG Yun , ZHANG Tian-yang
2014, 22(2):6-12. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-4847.2014.02.002
Abstract:Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between phosphotyrosine interaction domain containing 1 (PID1) gene and variation in intramuscular fat (IMF) content and the possibility to generate transgenic animals by testicular injection. Methods Expression vector pIRES2-acGFP-PID1 carrying pig PID1 gene was incubated with transfection reagents and injected into the testes of male New Zealand rabbits. We examined the F1 generation by fluorescence detection, PCR, Western blotting and measuring the IMF content. The F1 generation gave birth to the F2 generation. Then we examined the F2 generation through detecting the positive rate and the IMF content.Results The exogenous PID1 gene and fluorescent protein gene were expressed at different levels both in the F1 generation and the F2 generation, and the positive rates were 35.88% and 34.33%, respectively. The IMF content was signicantly elevated (P<0.05) in the transgenic positive individuals compared with the negative ones and the control group, and the PID1 protein expression was similarly higher. Conclusions The results of this study demonstrate that PID1 gene affects intramuscular fat content significantly. Moreover, the results of our analysis provide further evidence that transgenic animals can be generated by testicular injection, and the exogenous gene can be inherited steadily.
LIU Lian , ZHANG Gao-fu , LI Qiu , WANG Mo
2014, 22(2):13-16. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-4847.2014.02.003
Abstract:Objective Our purpose was to observe the renal pathological changes in the mouse modells of adriamycin-induced nephropathy in different periods. Method 48 healthy male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group and model group.The model group received a disposable tail vein injection of adriamycin 10.5 mg/kg body weight, and the control group received the same amount of saline. 24-hour urinary protein, serum biochemical indexes and kidney pathological changes were dynamically observed for 12 weeks. Results Proteinuria of model mice appeared in the 2th week after ADR injection, which lasted to the end of the 12-week experiment, At the 8th week, the amount of urine protein reached a peak (P<0.05); The serum albumin was decreased at the 4th week, cholesterol was increased at 8th week. At the end of experiment, serum creatinine was also increased (P<0.05). Minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) was observed in model mice at the 4th week; the lesions in renal tissues at 8th weeks were more serious than that at 4th weeks, but glomerular sclerosis was unconspicuous.Focal segmental glomerulonephritis (FSGS) was seen at the 12th week. The GSI of the model mice was(2.81±0.84)%, significantly higher than that of the control mice ((0.33±0.21)% ) at 12th week(P<0.01). Conclusions A mouse model with adriamycin-induced-nephrosis can be successfully established by a disposable tail vein injection of adriamycin in a dose of 10.5 mg/kg body weight. The early manifest ation of this model is MCNS, and at a late stage, it may be changed into FSGS.
ZHANG Cai-qin , ZHANG Hai , ZHAO Yong , MAO Feng-feng , BAI Bing , SHI Chang-hong
2014, 22(2):17-19,56. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-4847.2014.02.004
Abstract:Objective To evaluate the effect of near infrared heptamethine cyanine dye IR-783-mediated specific tumor imaging in spontaneous tumor of dogs. Methods IR-783 was intraperitoneally injected to nude mice models of transplanted tumor in a dose of 5μmol/kg. The metabolic time course of IR-783 was detected by in vivo imager. Based on the results of above observation, IR-783 was injected to dogs with spontaneous tumor in a dose of 1.5μmol/kg. The site of intravenous injection was the hind leg. Tumor and peri-tumoral tissues were removed at 5 days after IR-783-injection for fluorescence imaging, pathology and frozen section fluorescence examinations. Results After i.p. IR-783 injection to nude mice models of transplanted tumor, the transplanted tumor tissues of nude mice had stronger specific fluorescence than normal tissues by imaging at 8 days after injection. After i.v. IR-783 injection to four dogs with spontaneous tumor, the fluorescence signal in the tumor tissues was stronger than that in the normal tissues at 5 days after injection. Conclusions Near infrared fluorescent dye IR-783 could be specifically taken up by tumor tissues, and can be used for specific diagnosis of tumor. It has an important clinical application prospect.
SUN Bao-guo , XIANG Ting , LI Yu-long , CHEN Ze-xiong
2014, 22(2):20-25. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-4847.2014.02.005
Abstract:Objective To explore the establishing methods and differences of rat models of spleen deficiency and spleen deficiency liver cancer using the traditional Chinese medicine Dachengqi and Xiaochengqi decoctions.Methods Spleen-deficiency rat models were developed by multifactor methods: bitter-cold purgation (Dachengqi or Xiaochengqi decoction), cold-wet environment, tiredness, and fasting on alternate days for 30 days. Seven days after spleen-deficiency modeled,liver cancer in the spleen-deficiency rats and normal rats was developed by subcutaneously inoculation of Walker-256 carcinoma cell line in nude mice and then transplanted into rat livers. Liver cancer models were observed for 35 days. Sixty 3-week old male Wistar rats were randomly distributed into 4 groups: normal group, liver cancer model group, and Dachengqi and Xiaochengqi decoction groups. Degree of spleen deficiency, changes of the body-weight, survival time and tumor formation were recorded. Results Spleen deficiency rat models were successfully established. The weight gain of rats in the spleen-deficiency groups was significantly inhibited (P<0.01), and during the first 20 days (but not later) the average body weight of the Dachengqi decoction group was significantly higher than that of the Xiaochengqi decoction group (P<0.05). Spleen-deficiency scores of rats in the Xiaochengqi and Dachengqi groups were higher than those in the blank tumor group, especially in the Xiaochengqi group (P<0.01). The total tumor formation rate was 91.1% and 80% in the blank tumor groups, and 93.3% in both Xiaochengqi and Dachengqi groups, respectively. The average survival time of Xiaochengqi group was lower than that of the blank tumor and Dachengqi groups (P<0.01 and P<0.05). The cumulative survival rate of the Xiaochengqi group and rats with a higher spleen-deficiency score was lower than that of the other groups (P<0.05). Conclusions Xiaochengqi decoction may induce spleen deficiency more seriously than Dachengqi decoction, and spleen deficiency may be an important unfavorable prognostic factor for rat models of liver cancer.
XIA Dong-hui , CAO Xing-yi , WANG Jing-yu , YUAN Ming , WU Shi-wen
2014, 22(2):26-31. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-4847.2014.02.006
Abstract:Objective To observe the effect of GPR30 agonist G1 on high glucose-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in endothelial EA.hy926 cells. Methods EA.hy926 endothelial cells were divided into three groups: normal control group (Con, 17.51 mmol/L glucose), high glucose (HG, 33.3 mmol/L), high glucose +G1 group (HG +G1, HG +1 μmol/L G1). The apoptosis rate of endothelial cells was measured by flow cytometry, the protein expression changes of ERS related molecules Bip, IRE1, PERK and apoptotic molecules Bax, Bcl-2 were measured by Western blot, the mRNA expressions of Bip and CHOP were measured by RT-PCR assay. Results Compared with Con group, the apoptosis in HG group was significantly increased (P <0.01), Bip, IRE1, PERK and apoptotic molecule Bax were upregulateded (P<0.05, P<0.01 or P <0.001), Bcl-2 downregulatted (P <0.01) and Bip mRNA, CHOP mRNA expression were upregulated (P <0.001 and P<0.01). Compared with the HG group, apoptosis rate in HG +G1 group was significantly lower (P <0.05), BIP, IRE1, PERK and apoptotic molecules Ba.0 downregulated (P <0.05 or P <0.01), Bcl-2 expressions was increased (P <0.05), Bip mRNA and CHOP mRNA expression were decreased (P<0.001 or P<0.01). Conclusion GPR30 agonist G-1 inhibits EA.hy926 ERS in endothelial cells.
FAN hui , FENG Hui-li , DANG Hui-zi , CHEN Xiao-pei , REN Ying , YANG Jin-duo , WANG Peng-wen
2014, 22(2):32-35. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-4847.2014.02.007
Abstract:Objective Using Morris water maze test to evaluate the effects of guanosine and curcumin on cognitive function of APPswe/PS1dE9 double transgenic mice. Methods 3-month old APPswe/PS1dE9 dtg mice were randomly divided into model group, donepezil HCL group, guanosine group, curcumin group, curcumin and guanosine group (n=12), with age-matched Wild C57BL/6J mice of the same genetic background as normal control group. Medication was given once a day for 1 month. Using Morris water maze to test the spatial learning and memory ability of mice. Results Guanosine and curcumin could improve spatial learning and memory disorders of AD mice, particularly in the group of curcumin.Conclusion Guanosine and curcumin improve the cognitive ability of APPswe/PS1dE9 double transgenic mice with early cognitive impairment.
CHEN Li-ping , ZHANG Jing , MA Shun-li , LI Zhen-fei , ZHANG Jin-li , DONG Mei , SHAN Ming-yue , GUO Li
2014, 22(2):36-39. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-4847.2014.02.008
Abstract:Objective To investigate the expression pattern of transcription factor Olig2 in cuprizone-induced mouse model of acute demyelination. Methods C57BL/6 mice were fed with 0.2% cuprizone to induce acute demyelination. Immunofluorescence and qRT-PCR were used, and Olig2, MBP and GFAP were detected in the brain tissues of control group and cuprizone-treated groups for 6 weeks and recovery for 2 weeks. Results Severe demyelination occurred in the corpus callosum following 6-weeks exposure to cuprizone, while remyelination was detected in the white matter after the mice were given diet without cuprizone. In the normal mice, Olig2 was expressed in a low level, while the experessions of Olig2 and GFAP were significantly increased, and Olig2+/GFAP+ cells were detected after demyelination. But the expression of MBP was below the normal level with demyelination. After recovery for 2 weeks, the experession of Olig2 was lower, but the experessions of MBP and GFAP were increased. Conclusions Olig2 may play an important role in the glial differentiation from neural progenitor cells into active astrocytes, and in the glial scar formation.
WANG Yi , LU Cong , SONG Guang-qing , CHEN Yi-xi , WU Hong-wei , WANG Qiong , QU Li-na , LI Ying-hui , LIU Xin-min
2014, 22(2):40-44. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-4847.2014.02.009
Abstract:Objective To investigate the effects of chronic restraint stress on learning and memory in Wistar and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Methods Healthy adult male Wistar rats (n=6) and Sprague-Dawley rats (n=6) were subjected to restraint stress 10 h daily for 28 days. After that, all rats were tested for recognition memory by novel object recognition test, and spatial memory and working memory by Morris water maze test. Results After restraint for 10 h daily for 28 days, the restraint rats of the two strains demonstrated lower discrimination index(DI)than the control group, but only SD rats showed significant difference (P<0.05). The restraint SD rats showed higher escape latency than the control rats, and on the 5th day the difference became significant (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between Wistar restraint and control rats. The working memory test showed that restraint SD rats exibited longer escape latency than the control rats (P<0.05), while Wistar rats didn't show significant difference between the two groups. Conclusions The results of this study demonstrate that the impairments of learning and memory in SD rats subjected to restraint 10 hour per day for 28 days are more serious than that in the Wistar rats. Therefore, SD rats may be a better choice as an animal model to study the effects of chronic restraint stress on learning and memory impairment.
MA Mei , JIANG Tao , ZHANG Chun , WEI Qin , DUAN Min-jun , WANG Xue-mei , LI Zhi-qiang , SHOU Xi , CHEN Qi-long
2014, 22(2):45-47. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-4847.2014.02.010
Abstract:Objective To investigate the histological changes of the right ventricular remodeling in Xinjiang Marmota baibacina which are adapted to high-altitude hypoxia. Methods Hematoxylin and eosin and Masson staining was used to examine the pathological changes and degree of fibrosis, and immunohistochemical technique was used to detect connexin 43 (CX43)expression in the right ventricular myocardium. Results In the right ventricular myocardium, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and increased amount of collagen fibers were observed. The right ventricular hypertrophy index and weight index of Marmota baibacina were significantly higher, and expression of CX43 was significantly reduced than that of normal rats (P<0.05 for both). Conclusions High-altitude hypoxia induces right ventricular remodeling in Xinjiang Marmota baibacina. It can be used as an ideal animal model for studies on the mechanisms of hypoxia adaptation on high-altitude plateau.
TANG Jing-jing , LIANG De , JIANG Xiao-bing , DING Jing-yong , YANG Zhi-dong , YAO Zhen-song , ZHANG Shun-cong
2014, 22(2):48-51. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-4847.2014.02.011
Abstract:Objective To explore the characteristics and advantages of the rat model of lumbar nerve root compression established via modified hemilaminectomy approach. Methods Forty Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into two groups (experimental group and control group) for establishing a rat model of lumbar nerve root compression. Modified hemilaminectomy apprpoach was used in the experimental group, while total laminectomy was applied in the control group. Duration of operation, estimated blood loss, wound healing status, postoperative mortality, motor function of the lower extremities, pathological changes and the gray level of cytoplasmic TNF-α and IL-1 expression were observed to evaluate the characteristics and reliability of the two operation approaches in establishing a rat model of lumbar nerve root compression. Results Compared with the control group, duration of operation, estimated blood loss, wound healing status, postoperative mortality were significantly better in the experimental group (P<0.01), whereas there was non-significant difference between two groups with regard to motor function of the lower extremities, pathological changes and gray level of the cytoplasmic expression of TNF-α and IL-1 between the two groups. Moreover, the soft tissue structural alterations were reduced in the experimental group, which might be helpful for the rat postoperative rehabilitation. Conclusions Modified hemilaminectomy approach is a reliable alternative method for establishing a rat model of lumbar nerve root compression, which is beneficial to shorten the operative time, improve wound healing status, reduce estimated blood loss and damages of soft tissue, and decrease mortality rate. Moreover, this modified method is more consistent with the principles of animal ethics.
LIU Xin-feng , WANG Rong-pin , QIAN Ning , WU Shu-guang
2014, 22(2):52-56. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-4847.2014.02.012
Abstract:Objective To establish normal kidney data by measuring the diameter and volume of the kidneys in adult Guizhou miniature pig. Methods Twelve healthy adult Guizhou miniature pigs (male 6, female 6) were used in this study. The kidneys were scanned by using Siemens dual source CT, and the raw data were used for multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) and volume reconstruction (VR) using the software Aquarius iNtuition 4.4. The anteroposterior and left to right dimensions of both kidneys were measured at the median transverse plane of the organ, and the long and short diameters of both kidneys were measured at the maximum coronal section of the organ. The volume of both kidneys and miniature pig itself, the ratio of long to short diameters of both kidneys, and the relationship between the ratio of long to short diameter and the kidney were calculated. The correlation between the length dimension, length diameter ratio and the volume of the kidney was analyzed, and the correlation between volume of the kidney and miniature pig was analyzed as well. P<0.05 was set as statistically significant. Results The dimensions of anteroposterior, left to right, long and short diameters of left kidney were 40.40±1.67 mm, 27.47±1.40 mm, 80.36±2.74 mm and 31.79±1.99 mm, respectively. The volume of left kidney was 52.78±2.25 cm3, and the ratio of long to short diameter of the left kidney was 2.42 to 2.71:1. The dimension of anteroposterior, left to right, long and short diameters of the right kidney were 40.95±1.43 mm, 26.90±0.65 mm,79.03±2.38 mm and 32.04±2.34 mm, respectively. The volume of right kidney was 51.91±2.25 cm3, and the ratio of long to short diameter of the right kidney was 2.33 to 2.77: 1. There were highly positive and significant correlations between the long diameter and the kidney volume (rleft=0.92, P<0.05; rright=0.88, P<0.05) as well as between the kidney volume and the miniature pig (rleft=0.96, P<0.05; rright=0.98, P<0.05), while the ratio of long to short diameter of the kidney was negatively related to the volume of the miniature pig (rleft=-0.51, P<0.05; rright=-0.67, P<0.05). Conclusions Multislice spiral CT and its post-processing software can accurately measure various data of the kidneys of Guizhou miniature pig in vivo, providing normal reference of the animal model for the research of human kidney diseases.
ZHANG Jing-ji , YIN Hao-wen , ZHAO Hua-qing
2014, 22(2):57-61. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-4847.2014.02.013
Abstract:Objective and Methods As a local species, Chinese rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) has been one of the standardized test fish for chemical toxicity tests in China. By optimal screening, the acute toxicity of potassium bichromate and 3,4-dichloroaniline (3,4-DCA) was determined to evaluate repeatability and accuracy for Gobiocypris rarus in one laboratory and between different laboratories. Result Based on a proper data analysis, for the two chemicals performed with the same fish, all 96 h LC50 values were within mean (x) and upper and lower control limits (±2s) in both inner test (in one laboratory) and outer test (between different laboratories). Conclusions From these results, a valid database could also be established to evaluate one single test. In addition, Gobiocypris rarus will not only be a potential test species for ecotoxicity tests, but also recommended as a standard laboratory animal.
LI Miao , YU Li-li , ZHANG Yi-bao , QIANG Su-jing , LIU Li-jun , 徐平
2014, 22(2):62-65. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-4847.2014.02.014
Abstract:Objective To compare the effect of three cryoprotectants on vitrification-cryopreservation of C57BL/6J mouse epididymis. Method Epididymises from 6-8-week old male C57BL/6J mice (age) were cryopreserved using DMSO, PROH and R18S3 cryoprotectant solution and thawed, respectively. The morphology of sperm from thawed epididymis, the rate of post-thawing survival and reproductive capacity were determined to evaluate the freezing efficiency of the three cryoprotectants. Results The sperms from thawed epididymis of the three groups were all well-preserved structurally. The survival rate of sperms was 88.17%, 61.17% and 16.83% in the PROH, DMSO and R18S3 cryoprotectant solutions, respectively, and there were significant differences between the three cryopreservation groups (P<0.05 for all). The number of pups from the DMSO, PROH and R18S3 groups were 13, 8 and 17 mice after ICSI and embryo implantation, respectively. Conclusions All the three cryoprotectants DMSO, PROH and R18S3 solutions are suitable for vitrification-cryopreservation of C57BL/6J mouse epididymis. But PROH is the preference of these cryoprotectant solutions.
ZHANG Xiao-ju , WU Yuan , JIANG Chun-yan , ZHANG Chao-ying , LAN Xin-cai
2014, 22(2):66-69. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-4847.2014.02.015
Abstract:Objective In order to screen effective traditional Chinese medicine compounds to prevent and control porcine respiratory disease syndrome (PRDC), seven compound preparations of traditional Chinese medicine were tested and to analyze their antitussive and expectorant effects in mice. Methods Two hundred 6-week old ICR mice (male:female=1:1) were used in this study. Dextromethorphan and ammonium chloride were used as positive control drugs, and physiological saline was used as blank control. The antitussive and expectorant effects of the seven Chinese medicine compounds (groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) were observed by ammonia-induced cough model and tracheal phenol red secretion method in mice. Results The results showed that compounds 7 and 5 significantly prolonged the cough incubation period (P< 0.05), and reduced the cough times within 5 min (P < 0.05). Except for the group 4, tracheal phenol red excretion in the other groups was significantly lower than that of blank control group (P <0.05), and phenol red excretion in the mice of groups 7, 5 and ammonium chloride group was significantly lower than that in other treatment groups (P <0.05). Conclusions The Chinese medicine compounds 5 and 7 show most evident expectorant effects, and worthy of further validation of them as a drug in the treatment of porcine respiratory disease syndrome.
2014, 22(2):70-74. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-4847.2014.02.016
Abstract:Objective To explore the establishment methods of animal models of intestinal multidrug-resistant bacterial (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, PA) infection, and to provide a good model for experimental research and treatment for infection caused by drug-resistant bacteria.Methods Male BALB/c mice were divided into four groups: Normal control group, MDR-PA group, MDR-PA + antibiotics group, and MDR-PA + fasting group. They were given saline, PA suspension, PA suspension after free drinking with ceftriaxone water and PA suspension after fasting, respectively, by gavage. Colon tissues were collected for pathological examination and inflammation scoring. The expressions of TNF-α and INF-γ in the colon tissue was assessed at the end of the experiment. Results Pathology showed different degrees of inflammatory changes in the colon tissues. Compared with the normal control group, the expressions of TNF-αand INF-γ had significant differences with that of experimental groups. Conclusions All the three methods used in this experiment can be successfully used to establish mouse models with intestinal infection caused by multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and may be chosen for experimental studies according to different research purposes.
XU Yan-feng , HOU Fen-Xia , YANG Hui-fang , XU Yu-huan
2014, 22(2):75-79. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-4847.2014.02.017
Abstract:Objective To investigate the spontaneous neoplastic lesions and their incidences in rats. Methods Sixty male and 60 female specific pathogen-free Wistar rats (4-weeks old ) were used in this study. The rats were acclimated for 1 week prior to initiation of the experiment. They were fed with conventional feed for 104 weeks and then sacrificed for histopathological examination. Results Various neoplastic lesions of the rats and their incidences were analyzed and reported.For male rats, their total tumor incidence was 49.12%, the benign tumor incidence was 38.60% and the malignant tumor incidence was 17.54%. The benign neoplastic lesions mainly were pituitary adenoma (19.30%), testis Leydig cell tumor (5.26%) and subcutaneous fibroma (5.26%). The malignant neoplastic lesions mainly were squamous cell carcinoma (7.02%) and lymphoid hematopoietic system tumors (3.51%). For female rats, their total tumor incidence was 60.34%, the benign tumor incidence was 50.00% and the malignant tumor incidence was 15.52%. The benign neoplastic lesions mainly were breast fibroadenoma (25.86%) and pituitary adenoma (24.14%). The malignant neoplastic lesions mainly were adenocarcinoma (5.17%) and breast cancer (3.45%). Conclusions The spontaneous neoplastic lesions and their incidences reported in this paper provide another data of the spontaneous tumors of SPF Wistar rats and may provide some reference for relevant technical staffs.
LIU Qin , WEI Xiao-feng , TIAN Li-li , GAO Cheng
2014, 22(2):80-85. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-4847.2014.02.018
Abstract:Objective To investigate the natural infection status of murine norovirus (MNV) in laboratory mice in Shanghai area and isolate MNV from mouse cecal feces. Methods To collect cecal contents and serum samples from 319 specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice coming from different research institutions. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to detect MNV infection in the mice, respectively. The positive stool samples were diluted and filtered through 0.22 μm membrane, inoculated into RAW 264.7 cells, and then identified by RT-PCR. Results There were 95 positive results in the 319 cecal samples by RT-PCR, and the positive rate was 29.78%. Among 180 serum samples which were tested by RT-PCR, 70 samples were positive by ELISA, and the positive rate was 38.89%. The infected RAW 264.7 cells showed cytopathic effect (CPE) within 72 h. After 3 times of freezing and thawing, RT-PCR obtained a 187 bp band. Conclusions The results from the present study show that there is a high natural infection rate of MNV in laboratory mice in Shanghai area, and the strict breeding management must be strengthened.
YIN An-guo , KUANG De-xuan , LI Xiao-fei , ZHANG Yuan , SUN Xiao-mei , XIA Xue-shan , DAI Jie-jie
2014, 22(2):86-89. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-4847.2014.02.019
Abstract:Tree shrews get more and more concerns due to many of its physiological, biochemical and anatomical characteristics similar to those of human beings. Therefore, tree shrews models of human diseases such as viral diseases, neurological diseases and tumors attract more and more attention of researchers. In this article we will review the recent advances in application of tree shrew models in research on human viral diseases.
XING Jin , Feng Yu-fang , YUE Bing-fei , HE Zheng-ming
2014, 22(2):90-94. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-4847.2014.02.0020
Abstract:Pasteurella pneumotropica is an opportunistic and zoonotic pathogen. It mainly infects rodents, especially immunodeficient or immunosuppressied animals, and causes inflammation and abscesses. It is one of the highest positive rate infection pathogens in laboratory animals. The contamination and asymptomatic infections of Infection of P.pneumotropica could significantly interfere in vary experiments. This review will deal with P.pneumotropica epidemiology, detection and identification methods, molecular typing and control and so on.
PANG Yi-quan , FENG Yue , SUN Xiao-mei , LIU Li , DAI Jie-jie , XIA Xue-shan
2014, 22(2):95-102. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-4847.2014.02.0020
Abstract:Viral hepatitis is a major liver disease caused by virus infection. Viral hepatitis is popular in China, mainly caused by hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses. Experimental animal model is a necessary platform for the research on mechanism of viral infection and pathogenicity, for treatment and vaccine development. Up to date, a great progress in the development of viral hepatitis animal models has been achieved in spite of the most of findings are limited to hepatitis B and C. Here, we summarize the recent findings of viral hepatitis animal models, focusing on the tree shrew animal model and its modeling strategy.