
- Most Read
- Most Cited
- Most Downloaded
YANG Di , LU Zhenhui , JIANG Yuwei , LI Cui , MA Zifeng , WANG Yu , CHEN Linjin , LU Tianxun , CUI Jie
2025, 33(4):467-478. DOI: 10. 3969 / j.issn.1005-4847. 2025. 04. 001
Abstract: Objective To develop an animal model that replicates the clinical phenotype of severe asthma. Methods Ovalbumin (OVA) combined with IL-33 or varying doses of lipopolysaccharides ( LPS) was used to explore the construction of a severe asthma mouse model. Established model animals were assessed for lung function,number of inflammatory cells, and lung tissue pathology were assessed. Expression of key genes associated with severe asthma identified from the GEO database were validated in the new model. Results Compared with OVA alone,OVA combined with IL-33 or 5 μg LPS significantly increased airway resistance and the number of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and aggravated the pathological damage to lung tissues. The expression patterns of key genes in the newly constructed severe asthma models were consistent with those observed in clinical patients with severe asthma. Conclusions The modeling method of combining OVA with IL-33 or LPS (5 μg) can be used to construct experimentalanimal models of severe asthma.
ZHAO Zhite , HE Xinglin , SHI Changhong , YANG Lijun
2025, 33(4):479-488. DOI: 10. 3969 / j.issn.1005-4847. 2025. 04. 002
Abstract: Objective Construction of an immune-tumor dual humanized mouse model to explore the role of targeting monoamine oxidase A ( MAOA ) in the immune microenvironment of prostate cancer. Methods Bioinformatics analysis was used to examine the relationship between MAOAhigh cancer associated fibroblasts(CAFs) and T cells in prostate cancer. Multiplex immunofluorescence was employed to analyze the relationship between stromal MAOA expression and CD8+T cells. An immune-tumor dual humanized mouse model was constructed for in vivo verification of the infiltration of CD8+ T cells in response to the targeting of stromal MAOA. Results MAOA expression in the stroma was inversely proportional to the infiltration of CD8+ T cells. Inhibiting MAOA expression in the stroma enhanced the infiltration of CD8+ T cells in vivo, which may reflect suppression of the accumulation of collagen in the tumor microenvironment. Conclusions Stromal MAOA plays an important role in the immunosuppressive microenvironment of prostate cancer, and its inhibition may promote the infiltration of immune cells. MAOA inhibitors have therapeutic potential in immune combination therapy for patients with prostate cancer.
LIU Huimin , HE Xi , JIA Ruilian , LI Na , XU Rui , FENG Yaoyu , XIAO Lihua , GUO Yaqiong
2025, 33(4):489-500. DOI: 10. 3969 / j.issn.1005-4847. 2025. 04. 003
Abstract: Objective The purpose of the study is to breed homozygous interferon-γ knockout ( IFN-γ- / -)mice and optimize the breeding strategies to achieve continuous and stable reproduction of IFN-γ- / - mice, which could be used as an ideal animal model for fundamental research. Methods Initially, heterozygous IFN-γ knockout (IFN-γ+ / -) C57BL / 6J mice were used as the parental generation for breeding. Subsequently, 3 breeding strategies were employed using the offspring: (1) female heterozygotes mated with male heterozygotes; (2) male homozygotes mated with female heterozygotes; (3) female homozygotes mated with male homozygotes. The number and survival rate of IFN-γ- / - mice were compared across the three breeding strategies to determine the optimal breeding strategy. Under the optimal strategy, the effects of female mating age and diet type on the reproductive performance of IFN-γ- / - mice were further evaluated. Data from the first three litters of 60 IFN-γ- / -emale mice, including litter size, number of weaning survivors, and weaning survival rate, were recorded and analyzed. In addition, the effects of dietary supplementation of pregnant mice and environmental optimization measures, such as the provision of shelters, were evaluated. Results Under conditions where the nutritional needs of pregnant mice were adequately met by supplementation with egg yolk and sunflower seeds, mating of female and male IFN-γ- / - mice result ed in a litter size of five to eight IFN-γ - / - mice, demonstrating higher efficiency compared to other breeding strategies. In addition, diet type and mating age significantly influenced female reproductive performance. When 7 ~ 9 weeks old female IFN-γ- / - mice were mated to male IFN-γ- / - mice and fed a high-protein breeding diet, litter size ( 6. 9 ± 1. 7), weaning survival number (6. 5% ± 2. 0%) and weaning survival rate (93. 2% ± 17. 8%) were higher than those under other conditions. In addition, providing shelters to prevent fighting between breeding pairs further improved reproductive outcomes. Conclusions By adopting an optimized breeding strategy, combined with a high-protein diet, nutritional supplementation, and standardized mating age management, the breeding efficiency and stability of IFN-γ- / - mice can be significantly improved. This provides a reliable animal model for related research.
NI Yufang , ZHANG Luna , YAN Shuhan , LI Qianqian , SU Hongwei , HU Qiongdan , ZHANG Qiong , WANG Li , LI Jianchun
2025, 33(4):501-511. DOI: 10. 3969 / j.issn.1005-4847. 2025. 04. 004
Abstract: Objective To evaluate the protective effects of the traditional Chinese medicine formula Shenxiankang on renal injury and fibrosis, and to explore its potential mechanisms of action. Methods Chronic kidney disease (CKD) model was established in mice using unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). The mice were randomly divided into four groups: sham, UUO, and Shenxiankang(SXK) Low/ High dose groups (1500, 4500 mg /(kg·d)), each comprising eight mice. The each SXK groups received daily oral administration of Shenxiankang, and the remaining mice were gavaged equivalent volumes of saline for 7 d. After the experiment, renal tissues were collected for assessment of renal injury and fibrosis using HE and Masson staining. The expression levels of fibrosis markers and proteins involved in the epithelial membrane protein 3 (Emp3) and Tgf-β/ Smad3 signaling pathway were determined by Real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry, and Western Blot. In cell-based experiments, the effects of Shenxiankang on the Emp3 / Tgf-β/ Smad3 pathway and its interaction with TGF-beta receptor R2 (Tgfβ2) were further analyzed using an Emp3 knockdown and Co-IP assays. Results Shenxiankang significantly reduced immune cell infiltration and tubular atrophy in the UUO model group and decreased the expression of kidney injury markers kidney injury molecule 1 (Kim1) and Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2), confirming its efficacy in alleviating renal injury. Masson staining and analysis of fibrosis markers Fibronectin (Fn) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) indicated that Shenxiankang effectively suppressed fibrosis induced by UUO. Mechanistic studies revealed that Shenxiankang exerted its effects by selectively downregulating the abnormal activation of the Emp3 / Tgf-β/ Smad3 signaling pathway, a finding further supported by cellular experiments showing that Shenxiankang modulates Tgf-β/ Smad3 signaling through Emp3 regulation. Moreover, the Co-IP experiment result indicate that Shenxiankang exerts its effects by regulating the interaction between Emp3 and Tgfβ2. Conclusions Shenxiankang exhibits significant protective effects in a mouse model of chronic kidney disease, effectively reducing renal injury and fibrosis. These effects are likely mediated through the downregulation of the Emp3 / Tgf-β/ Smad3 signaling pathway, suggesting Shenxiankang ’ s potential therapeutic value in renal protection.
CHEN Yu , SHI Jiajun , FU Danting , YANG Qinqin , FU Rui , ZHU Jiajie , ZHU Mingjin , LIU Xinying , CHEN Mingxian
2025, 33(4):512-521. DOI: 10. 3969 / j.issn.1005-4847. 2025. 04. 005
Abstract: Objective To study the therapeutic effects of Yigan Fupi decoction (YGFP) on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and its mechanism of action in repairing the intestinal barrier and reducing IBS sensitivity through the PKA/ PKC-CREB pathway. Methods Baby rats separated from their mother were randomly divided into a model control (M) and a YGFP group, while baby rats without maternal separation were used as a normal control(N)group.The YGFP group was given YGFP for 4 weeks. Abdominal withdrawal reflux was used to evaluate intestinal sensitivity. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and ELISA were used to detect bile acid metabolite concentrations and serum levels of interleukin ( IL)-6 and CXCL1, respectively. HE staining was used to observe pathological changes in the colon, and Western Blot and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze the relative protein expression levels of PKA, PKC, CREB, 5HT2AR, 5-HT7R, ZO-1, and Claudin 1. Results Compared with the normal control group, the M group showed a significantly decreased visceral pain threshold, significantly increased levels of total bile acid metabolites, IL-6, and CXCL1, significantly increased relative expression of PKA, PKC,CREB, 5HT2AR, and 5-HT7R, and significantly decreased relative expression of ZO-1 and Claudin 1. Compared with the M group, the YGFP group showed a significantly increased visceral pain threshold, significantly reduced levels of total bile acid metabolites, IL-6, and CXCL1, significantly reduced relative expression of PKA, PKC,CREB, 5HT2AR, and 5-HT7R, and increased relative expression of ZO-1 and Claudin 1. Conclusions YGFP effectively improved IBS through a mechanism that may involve repair of the intestinal barrier and reduced sensitivity through the PKA/ PKC-CREB pathway.
LONG Yali , LIU Yali , YANG Mingxuan , TIAN Qihui , ZHANG Yong
2025, 33(4):522-529. DOI: 10. 3969 / j.issn.1005-4847. 2025. 04. 006
Abstract: Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of Scutellaria baicalensis combined with 5-Fu on Lewis tumor bearing mouse lung cancer based on the JAK2 / STAT3 signaling pathway. Methods To detect the changes in body mass, food intake and tumor volume of Lewis tumor-bearing mice after intervention of Scutellaria baicalensis (20 mg / kg) combined with 5-Fu. Pathological changes in tumor tissue were observed by HE staining, expression levels of proliferation related protein Ki67 were observed by immunohistochemical staining, changes in cell apoptosis levels in tumor tissue were observed by TUNEL staining, and changes in expression levels of JAK2,p-JAK2, STAT3, and p-STAT3 proteins in tumor tissue were observed by immunohistochemical staining. Results Compared with the model group, the tumor volume of mice after combined intervention significantly decreased (P<0. 01) and body mass increased (i>P<0. 05), but there was no significant change food intake. The expression of proliferation related protein Ki67 in tumor tissue was significantly reduced, and the number of apoptotic cells labeled with TUNEL was significantly increased; The expression of p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 proteins is elevated. Conclusions Scutellaria baicalensis decoction can inhibit the JAK2 / STAT3 signaling pathway and increase the inhibitory effect of 5-Fu on mouse lung cancer.
HUANG Yilun , XU Zhixuan , GUO Honggang , ZHANG Yangfan , LIU Huimin , XIE Wendi , CHEN Yongping , CHU Xiaofeng
2025, 33(4):530-539. DOI: 10. 3969 / j.issn.1005-4847. 2025. 04. 007
Abstract: Objective To investigate the protective effects of Ligilactobacillus salivarius Li01(L. salivarius Li01)against DNA damage induced by Helicobacter pylori (Hp), Benzo( a) pyrene (BaP), and Hp + BaP, and to evaluate the probiotic properties of L. salivarius Li01. Methods After 1 week of adaptive feeding, specific pathogenfree male Mongolian gerbils were randomly assigned to groups and subjected to intragastric administration of Hp, BaP,and Hp + BaP for model induction. At week 32 post model establishment, therapeutic L. salivarius Li01 was administered intragastrically. At week 36, peripheral blood samples were collected from each group for the comet assay, while liver tissues were collected and tested for Cyp1a1 gene expression levels. Results Compared with those in the control group, the comet tail length,% tail DNA, and hepatic Cyp1a1 expression levels were significantly increased in the Hp, BaP, and Hp + BaP groups (P<0. 0001). Among these, the comet tail length, olive tail moment,%tail DNA, and hepatic Cyp1a1 expression levels were significantly higher in the Hp + BaP group than in the Hp and BaP groups (P<0. 05). Following intervention with L. salivarius Li01, the comet tail length, olive tail moment,%tail DNA, and hepatic Cyp1a1 expression levels were significantly reduced in each group (P<0. 001). Conclusions Hp infection, BaP exposure, and the Hp + BaP combination induced DNA damage in the peripheral lymphocytes of Mongolian gerbils, with the Hp + BaP combination showing synergistic damage. L. salivarius Li01 had a protective effect against DNA damage caused by Hp, BaP, and Hp + BaP.
ZHANG Lili , CAO Shuqiong , XU Mengting , HONG Tao , ZHANG Meifang , LIU Dan , LUO Tao , LIU Zhiyong
2025, 33(4):540-548. DOI: 10. 3969 / j.issn.1005-4847. 2025. 04. 008
Abstract: Objective To explore the effects of camellia honey on intestinal inflammation and injury induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in Drosophila. Methods A HFD model group of fruit flies was created by feeding with standard culture medium containing 30% lard. Each camellia honey groups were fed the same high-fat medium containing different concentrations of camellia honey. The body mass, eclosion rate, climbing ability, size of lipid droplets, and levels of intestinal reactive oxygen species in adult flies were measured and analyzed. Results Compared with the model group, each camellia honey groups showed significant improvements. Specifically, camellia honey ameliorated the following HFD-induced alterations: decline in eclosion rate, increase in pupal volume, increase in adult average body mass, decrease in adult climbing ability, enlargement of the lipid droplet area, elevation in intestinal ROS levels, and intestinal damage. Conclusions Camellia honey improved the growth and development, intestinal inflammation, and injury induced by a HFD in Drosophila.
ZENG Yin , LI Linlin , MA Xiangming , XIAO Yufeng , HU Jue
2025, 33(4):549-560. DOI: 10. 3969 / j.issn.1005-4847. 2025. 04. 009
Abstract: Objective To study the characteristics of animal models of pulmonary fibrosis so as to provide a reference for the standardization of such models, and to guide research on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. Methods Studies using experimental pulmonary fibrosis in animals published in the past 10 years were retrieved from the CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, and PubMed databases. Factors including animal species, sex, modeling method, and detection index were summarized, and the data were analyzed using Excel. Results A total of 292 eligible studies were included. The animals mainly included SD rats, Wistar rats, and C57BL / 6 mice, and most were male. The most common modeling drugs were bleomycin, paraquat, and silica suspension, mainly administered by intratracheal injection, with a typical modeling cycle of 28 d. The detection indexes mainly comprised lung tissue pathology and measurements of protein expression, cytokine levels, and biochemical indexes. Conclusions SD rats and C57BL / 6 mice were the most commonly used animals for experimental pulmonary fibrosis, and intratracheal injection of bleomycin (5 mg / kg) was the most frequently used modeling method. This approach allows for the straightforward and effective replication of pathological features resembling human pulmonary fibrosis, and may serve as a reference for future experimental studies using animal models of pulmonary fibrosis.
LI Lin , QIU Rongli , WEI Kaifeng , CHENG Haibo , SUN Dongdong
2025, 33(4):561-566. DOI: 10. 3969 / j.issn.1005-4847. 2025. 04. 010
Abstract:Zebrafish is a relatively new experimental animal model with unique characteristics that enable its wide use in research on many human diseases. The exploration of anti-tumor drugs and other clinical treatments remain the focus of current research on cancer. Zebrafish characteristics, including rapid development, ease of observation,high genetic homology, and low-cost gene editing, make them highly useful for tumor research. By covering the applications of zebrafish in anti-tumor drug research and clinical studies, this review aims to provide valuable insights for the further utilization of zebrafish in cancer drug screening, assessment of drug activity and toxicity, and clinical research.
SUN Ning , ZHANG Yan , XIE Liuwei , XU Shu , HUANG He , XU Xianxin , SUN Yifan , TAO Shifan
2025, 33(4):567-580. DOI: 10. 3969 / j.issn.1005-4847. 2025. 04. 011
Abstract:Emotions are an integral part of animal welfare. Facial expressions are increasingly used as a noninvasive method for assessing the emotional state of animals. Dogs (Canis familiaris) are closely related to humans,and facial expressions are crucial for interspecies communication and emotional expression. This paper reviews the neurobiological mechanisms of facial expressions and the anatomical structure of the facial muscles and their evolution in dogs, the analogy between dog and human facial expressions, and the expression of various parts of the dog’s face under different emotions. These studies demonstrate that dog’s facial expressions can be used as a potential indicator of animal welfare, and that dogs can be used as a model animal for studying interspecies facial emotional communication. The use of dog’s facial expressions to assess emotions will aid multidisciplinary research, including in the fields of neuroscience, psychopharmacology, animal behavior, and animal welfare.
CHEN Jinling , CHEN Yuhan , LI Xin , OU Yanhua , YUAN Difen , BAI Kunran , YUAN Jiali , DUAN Yuanyuan , YANG Zhongshan , NIU Haitao
2025, 33(4):581-592. DOI: 10. 3969 / j.issn.1005-4847. 2025. 04. 012
Abstract:Recent research progress into the use of Chinese medicine has demonstrated good therapeutic effects for increasing numbers of Chinese medicines for immune system diseases. Atopic dermatitis ( AD) is an inflammatory disease characterized by type 2 immunity, and research into its pathogenesis and therapeutic immunopharmaceuticals has result ed in various different types of animal models. This review summarizes the existing animal models of AD and their immune-related characteristics, with the aim of providing appropriate references for the selection of future research models related to AD.
AN Lijuan , ZHOU Jinghui , QI Yufei , ZENG Lirong , HAO Zheng
2025, 33(4):593-606. DOI: 10. 3969 / j.issn.1005-4847. 2025. 04. 013
Abstract:Iron overload refers to the pathological state in which the iron content in the body exceeds physiological requirements, Results ing in the deposition of iron in the organs. Iron overload mouse models are an important tool for the study of iron metabolism disorders and related diseases. This paper summarizes the commonly used modeling method used in the construction of iron overload mouse models, which mainly comprise two categories. (1)exogenous iron overload mouse models, constructed through supplementation with extraenteral iron (injected iron) or intraintestinal iron (oral iron); (2)spontaneous iron overload models, constructed by screening for specific mouse lines or modifying iron metabolism-related genes. The method involving extraenteral iron supplementation has a short modeling duration and a high success rate, making it suitable for single and composite iron overload models.However, the high iron absorption rate may cause toxic reactions; thus, the optimal dose needs to be determined in advance. By contrast, intraintestinal iron supplementation is simple and safe, but has a low iron absorption rate and a long modeling duration. The spontaneous iron overload model is mainly used for specific genetic research studies, which are complex and involve high costs. The various modeling method offer diverse research pathways, spanning from molecular to systemic levels. This diversity is conducive to gaining an in-depth understanding of the pathological mechanisms underlying iron overload and provides an experimental basis for the development of new treatments.
ZHANG Zhonghai , SUN Hui , SU Xichen , CUI Li
2025, 33(4):607-615. DOI: 10. 3969 / j.issn.1005-4847. 2025. 04. 014
Abstract:Porcine intestinal organoids are 3D cultures derived from porcine stem cells or porcine intestinal crypts containing stem cells, which can self-renew and differentiate into tissues similar to those in vivo. Due to the high structural and physiological similarity between pigs and humans, porcine intestinal organoids can not only meet the needs of agricultural production and ecological environment research, but also serve as an in vitro model for human drug screening and toxicology studies. Compared with other in vitro models, porcine intestinal organoids have the advantages of being similar to in vivo tissues, stable phenotypes and genetic properties. Porcine intestinal organoids show great potential in simulating host-microbial interactions, drug screening and nutritional development studies, but their construction still lacks a fixed process, which affects experimental repeatability. In this review, we will review culture of porcine intestinal organoids, the exposure method of apical villi, the interactions between microorganisms and hosts, and the current challenges.
LI Xiaying , TIAN Yonglu , WEI Yusheng , PANG Wanyong
2025, 33(4):616-622. DOI: 10. 3969 / j.issn.1005-4847. 2025. 04. 015
Abstract:As an important and fundamental resource of scientific research, laboratory animals have become essential tools for the continuous advancements in life sciences, medical research, drug development, and other fields. With the development of related laws and regulations, the welfare of laboratory animals is increasingly valued by the general public and international research communities alike. To ensure the welfare of laboratory animals, the ethical review and conduct of laboratory animal practitioners should be standardized, incorporating and adapting advanced international practices with those in China. This article primarily outlines the process for reviewing and approving animal use protocols, along with the standards for evaluation, with the aim of providing a reference for researchers writing animal use protocols and for International Animal Care and Use Committee members conducting ethical reviews of laboratory animal welfare.