Environmental Enrichment (EE) for laboratory animals is a key approach to improving animal welfare and upholding research ethics. Its core lies in the multi?dimensional regulation of the environment including physical, social, sensory, and cognitive aspects to meet the species?specific needs of different animals. Appropriate enrichment can improve the physiological and behavioral status of laboratory animals, whereas inappropriate design may induce stress and social conflicts. By modulating the stress–nerve–endocrine–immune axis, EE directly influences the quality of animal experiments and the stability of experimental data. At present, several challenges remain in the practice of EE for laboratory animals in China, including an incomplete standardization system, a lack of species?specific protocols, difficulties in implementation and management, and insufficient interdisciplinary collaboration. In the future, efforts should be directed toward precision, standardization, and intelligence. We will strengthen mechanistic research, improve the standard system, promote interdisciplinary integration, and establish a full?chain implementation system. This will not only safeguard the welfare of laboratory animals but also enhance the reliability and reproducibility of scientific research data, driving the development of biomedical research in China toward greater standardization, refinement, and internationalization.