新方法对动物实验及其教学影响的思考
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西安交通大学基础医学院实验动物学系

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]中国科学技术协会青年人才托举工程项目(YESS20210359);唐仲英基金会“仲英青年学者”项目。


Reflections on the Impact of New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) on Laboratory Animal Experimentation and Laboratory Animal Science Education
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Affiliation:

1.Department of Laboratory Animal Science,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Xi‘an Jiaotong University;2.Laboratory Animal Center,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi‘an 710061;3.China

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China Association for Science and Technology Youth Talent Support Project; Tang Scholar

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    摘要:

    近期国际监管机构密集出台新方法(NAMs)相关政策,引发“实验动物学科是否将被取代”的认知困惑。本文从教学视角论证了动物模型在跨器官通讯、全局免疫应答、全程毒代动力学及生殖发育过程的不可替代性,指出NAMs体外预测存在盲区,动物模型的安全守门与系统性科研思维培养功能不可绕过;新政策实质是针对特定药物品类和测试类型的有条件优化。据此,NAMs应定位为辅助工具,建议在保持动物模型核心课程基础上,以扩充形式融入已验证NAMs工具,形成虚拟演示、动物实验、数据分析相结合的教学框架。

    Abstract:

    Recent intensive promulgation of policies on New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) by international regulatory agencies has engendered considerable cognitive uncertainty regarding whether the discipline of laboratory animal science may ultimately be supplanted. From a pedagogical perspective, this article substantiates the irreplaceability of intact animal models in recapitulating inter-organ crosstalk, systemic immune responses, comprehensive toxicokinetic profiling, and reproductive-developmental processes. It underscores the inherent predictive blind spots of current in vitro NAMs systems and emphasizes that the safety gatekeeping function of animal models, together with their indispensable role in cultivating systematic scientific reasoning, cannot be circumvented. In essence, these new policies represent conditional optimizations targeted at specific pharmaceutical categories and testing modalities. Consequently, NAMs should be positioned as supplementary tools. It is recommended that core curricula centered on animal models be retained as the foundation, with validated NAMs tools integrated in an expanded capacity, thereby establishing an integrated teaching framework that synergistically combines virtual demonstrations, live animal experimentation, and computational data analysis.

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  • 收稿日期:2026-03-25
  • 最后修改日期:2026-05-15
  • 录用日期:2026-09-01
  • 在线发布日期: 2026-09-01
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