人参皂苷 Rg1、Rb1、Rg1+Rb1 改善东莨菪碱致小鼠认知障碍的作用比较
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1.西南医科大学附属中医医院中葡中医药国际合作中心/ 中西医结合学院,四川 泸州 646000;2.中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所,北京 100193;3.中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所药理毒理研究中心,北京 100193; 4.巴基斯坦卡拉奇大学国际化学和生命科学研究院 Panjwani 博士分子医学和药物研究中心,巴基斯坦 卡拉奇 74200

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R-33

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Comparison of the effects among ginsenoside Rg1, Rb1 and Rg1+Rb1 on scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in mice
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1.Sino-Portugal TCM International Cooperation Center, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China. 2. Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193. 3. Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193. 4. Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 74200, Pakistan

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    摘要:

    目的 比较人参皂苷 Rg1、Rb1、Rg1+Rb1 改善东莨菪碱模型小鼠短期空间与非空间学习记忆的作用及机制。 方法 建立东莨菪碱所致认知障碍模型,采用物体认知实验、液相色谱-质谱联用(LC-MS / MS)法、比色法观察人参皂苷 Rg1 或 Rb1(60 μmol / kg),Rg1+Rb1(各 30 μmol / kg 相加)对模型小鼠的行为学和神经递质及氧化应激水平的影响。 结果 与对照组比较,模型小鼠的短期空间学习记忆和非空间学习记忆都受到严重损伤(P<0. 001,P<0.001);而石杉碱甲和人参皂苷 Rg1、Rb1、Rg1+Rb1 给药能显著逆转模型小鼠所引起的短期非空间学习记 忆损伤,但人参皂苷 Rg1+Rb1 改善短期空间学习记忆的能力弱于人参皂苷 Rb1(P<0.01)。 与对照组比较,模型小鼠海马 ACh、5-HT、Glu 水平都显著下降,石杉碱甲和人参皂苷 Rg1、Rb1、Rg1+Rb1 给药能使模型小鼠海马 ACh、5- HT、Glu 水平显著增加。 与对照组比较,模型小鼠血清氧化应激水平显著增高,而石杉碱甲和人参皂苷 Rg1、Rb1、 Rg1+Rb1 给药能使模型小鼠血清 SOD、CAT、GSH 活力显著增加和 MDA 水平显著下降,虽然人参皂苷 Rg1+Rb1 调节 GSH 活力水平的能力弱于人参皂苷 Rb1(P<0.01,P<0.05),但在调节 MDA 的能力上,人参皂苷 Rg1+Rb1 强于人参皂苷 Rg1、Rb1。 结论 尽管人参皂苷 Rg1+Rb1 在各自有效剂量减半组合的情况下,改善空间短时学习记忆的能力有所下降,但三者在改善短时非空间学习记忆损伤的效果是一样的。 其差异可能与剂量的选择、调节脑内不同类神经递质 ACh、5-HT、Glu 和氧化应激水平 SOD、CAT、GSH、MDA 的能力有关。

    Abstract:

    Objective To compare the effects and mechanisms of the ginsenosides Rg1, Rb1 and Rg1+Rb1 on improving spatial and non-spatial learning memory in a scopolamine-induced mouse model for cognitive impairment. Methods A scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment mouse model was established, and the effects of ginsenoside Rg1 or Rb1(60 μmol / kg) and Rg1+Rb1(30 μmol / kg each combined) on behaviors were observed by using object cognition experiments. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry will be used to determine neurotransmitter levels in mice, while colorimetric methods will be used to determine oxidative stress levels. Results Compared with the control group, the model mice showed severe impairment on both short-term spatial learning memory and non-spatial learning memory (P<0.001). Huperzine A and ginsenoside Rg1, Rb1 and Rg1+Rb1 administration significantly reversed the short- term non-spatial learning memory impairment in the model mice, but the effect of ginsenoside Rg1+Rb1 on improving short- term spatial learning memory was weaker than that of ginsenoside Rb1 (P<0.01). Hippocampal Ach, 5-HT and Glu levels were decreased in the model mice compared with controls. Administration of Huperzine A or ginsenosides Rg1, Rb1 and Rg1+Rb1 significantly increased hippocampal Ach, 5-HT and Glu levels in the model mice. Serum oxidative stress levels were significantly increased in the model mice compared with controls. Administration of ginsenoside Rg1, Rb1 and Rg1+ Rb1 significantly increased serum SOD, CAT and GSH activity and significantly decreased MDA levels in the model mice. Although ginsenoside Rg1 + Rb1 was weaker than ginsenoside Rb1 in regulating GSH activity ( P< 0. 01, P< 0. 05), ginsenoside Rg1+Rb1 was stronger than ginsenoside Rg1 and Rb1 in the ability to regulate MDA. Conclusion Although half dosage combination of ginsenoside Rg1 +Rb1 exhibited decline in the ability to improve spatial short-term learning memory. However, ginsenosides Rg1, Rb1 and Rg1+Rb1 were comparable in their ability to improve short-term non-spatial learning memory impairment. The differences may be related to the dose and the ability of different ginsenosides on the regulation of neurotransmitters and oxidative stress levels in the brain.

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魏山山,王孟迪,姜 宁,Ayaz Ahmed,刘新民,王 琼.人参皂苷 Rg1、Rb1、Rg1+Rb1 改善东莨菪碱致小鼠认知障碍的作用比较[J].中国比较医学杂志,2022,32(4):94~101.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-11-03
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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-06-20
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