Objective To investigate the virulence, drug resistance genes, and whole genome information of Aeromonas dhakensis from shrimp and preliminarily evaluate the pathogenicity of Aeromonas dhakensis. Methods Molecular identification and MLST typing of shrimp isolates were performed. The pathogenicity of this strain was examinedby β-hemolysis, extracellular protease, liquid toxicity test, cytotoxicity, and mouse tests, and virulence gene detection. The characteristics of drug resistance were analyzed by a drug sensitivity test and drug resistance gene detection. Eggnog and Prophage Hunter tools were used to analyze the whole genome sequence. Results The 18FX22 strain was identified as Aeromonas dhakensis. The pathogenicity of this strain was characterized by β-hemolysis and extracellular protease activity. It was pathogenic to Caenorhabditis elegans, mouse fibroblasts, and mice. The strain was resistant to amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid, cefazolin, and polymyxin, which carried 10 virulence genes and 12 drug resistance genes. Whole genome sequencing showed that the whole genome size of 18FX22 was 4 811 079 bp and GC content was 61. 33%. COG annotation indicated that 18FX22 had 3850 genes with 20 classes of functions. Prophage prediction revealed that the 18FX22 genome contained two prophage sequences. Cluster analysis of Aeromonas dhakensis worldwide showed that this strain was more closely related to GCA016729585. Conclusions Aeromonas dhakensis was isolated from commercial shrimp and found to be highly toxic, indicating that the control of seafood food safety should be strengthened. This study provides a reference to prevent and control Aeromonas dhakensis infection.