Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) is a superfamily of heme?thiolate proteins, which is involved in the metabolism and activation of various endogenous and exogenous substances, including food, drugs and pollutants. Previous studies of the CYP450 genes mainly focused on their function in drug metabolism. However, in recent years, studies have found that CYP450 are also involved in the development and progression of various diseases, including Parkinson’s disease (PD), cancer, cardiomyopathy and heart failure (HF). By far, the process and related mechanisms of CYP450 in the metabolism of endogenous substances in brain tissues has not been clarified yet. In this paper, we summarized the research progress of CYP450 genes involved in the metabolism of endogenous substances, in order to provide a new idea for the exploration of the functions of CYP450 genes expressed in the brain.