Regional anesthesia is important in clinical anesthesia work, and with the wide application of visualization tools such as ultrasound, regional anesthesia is increasingly used by clinical anesthesiologists. However, in the basic and clinical research of regional anesthesia, the corresponding research has been hindered by the lack of reliable and stable animal models of regional anesthesia. In recent years, with the assistance of new visualization tools, great progress has been made in the establishment of regional anesthesia animal models. In this review, the types and establishment method of regional anesthesia animal models that promoted the development of regional anesthesia were reviewed, and the future prospects were discussed.