Objective To study the changes of liver, aortic wall and heart function in hyperlipidemia hamster at different time points via ultrasonic imaging, and investigate the value of ultrasonic diagnosis in hamster model of hyperlipidemia. Methods 32 Syrian Golden hamsters were randomly divided into two groups that were fed with normal chow (control group) and high fat diet (model group) respectively. Serum lipids levels were analyzed after 0, 3, 6, 9, 14, 16, 20, 24, 40 weeks using commercial kits. Hamsters from each group were examined with ultrasound and then sacrificed for pathological examination in the 20th week and 40th week. Results Serum levels of TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C increased remarkably in hamsters fed with high fat diet and maintained significantly above the normal levels throughout the study course (p<0.05). Compared with the control group, hamsters fed with high fat diet for 20 weeks had greater internal-media thickness (IMT) (p<0.0001) and their IMT increased significantly when the dietary intervention period was extended to 40 weeks (p<0.0001). It was revealed by both ultrasonic imaging and pathological examination that fatty liver and aortic arch atherosclerotic lesions were developed in hyperlipidemia hamsters fed with the high fat diet for 20 weeks, and aggravated during the prolonged 20 weeks. Conclusion IMT of aortic arch walls of hamster can be dynamically measured through ultrasonic imaging. It can also be used to monitor liver and sensitively detect the morphological changes of aortic arch walls of hyperlipidemia hamster.