Animal welfare issues are facing each scientist in biomedical research.These problems are complex,involve a diversity of views,and will not disappear in the future.Biomedical scientists need to be knowledgeable about the issues,develop sensitivity to the diversity of thought about these issues,and take an active stance toward animal welfare.Scientists must go beyond compliance and use skills to maximize well-being of experimental animals.It is essential that scientists should advocate animal well-being and adhere to appropriate guidelines for animal care and use when conducting research with laboratory animals.