Objective To establish proper animal model of emphysema by inhaling papain of ultrasonic atomization and injecting papain. Methods Rabbits were injected with 8% papain into auricle vena and inhaled 5% papain of ultrasonic atomization. Blood gas values and pulmonary function were examined. And the pulmonary tissues were investigated under microscope. Results Compared with normal group, the lung indications of pH, PaO 2, PaCO 2, Vt, Zrs, Rc, R(5Hz) in model group changed in evidence. The pathologic changes of pulmonary tissues accorded with emphysema's. Conclusion The rabbit model of emphysema was made with success, and it could meet all kinds of study requirement.