Objective To find out a method of constructing a Neisseria gonorrhoeae genital infection mouse model.Method In our experiments,ICR mice were injected Estradiol(E2) and inplanted Estriol(E3) pellet respectively,then challenged with Neisseria gonorrhoeae WHO-A in the female mice vagina.The genital swab were verified by T-M culture media,the vaginal excretes smears were stained to determine different effect of the hormone on mouse Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection.Result Compared with non-estrogen-treated mice,estradiol(E2) treated mice have Neisseria gonorrhoeae short-lived in the vagina.And there was no gonococci in estriol(E3) treated mice like control group.Conclusion Estrogen,especially estradiol(E2) has the effect on promoting Neisseria gonorrhoeae vaginal colonization in mice.