Objective To report the experience in establishing a swine model of acute myocardial infarction(AMI) by coronary occlusion with balloon angioplasty.Methods Fourteen pigs aged 3-5 months and weighed 25 kg-40 kg were anesthetized.Balloon angioplasty was positioned in the left anterior descending(LAD) coronary artery at the beginning of the second septal branch.The artery was blocked for 1 min,2 min,5 min by turns,with an interval of 60 seconds every time,as a way of ischemic preconditioning in group A(n=7).Then the balloon was inflated at 2 atm to occlude the LAD for 60 min.The balloon was inflated at 2 atm to occluded the LAD for 60 min without ischemic preconditioning in group B(n=7).ECG and blood pressure were monitored.The ischemic change was comfirmed by MRI.Results Twelve animals were set up the acute myocardial infarction model successfully.Two died of ventricular fibrillation in group B.During operation,twelve pigs generated ventricular fibrillation,among them 10 were salvaged successfully.Ten pigs were confirmed as anterior septal AMI and two was confirmed as widespread anterior AMI by ECG.MRI comfirmed AMI in tweleve pigs.Conclusion Swine model of acute myocardial infarction can be estattished successfully by coronary occlusion with balloon angioplasty.Ischemic preconditioning is necessary to prevent ventricular fibrillation.