Objective The aim is to explore the hematological and the blood biochemical values in SIV infected monkeys for the investigation of pathogenesis of SIV/HIV. Methods20 Chinese rhesus monkeys were inoculated with SIVmac 239 intravenously, and the blood samples were taken from monkeys in 2,6,9,2,15 and l8 months under anesthesia with ketamine hydrochloride. The anticoaglutin blood was used for blood routine by Beckman Coulter Ac.T5 diff, and the serum was analyzed for biochemical elements by the use of Hitachi 7020 automatic analyzer.ResultThe total count of erythrocyte and leukocyte revealed to be decreased slowly but the count of lymphocyte fluctuated up and down between 52.1±13.1% and 32.8 ±14.2% . ALT and AST did not appeared to be increased , but at the time of 15 months they increased P ＜ 0.05 and P ＜ 0.01。LDH decreased but the cause is unknown. CK increased steadily to the summit in12 months then it fell down. The BUN increased step by step monthly to 6～18 months P ＜ 0.01 .The total protein increased but the albumin decreased, the ratio of A/G was inversed. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL and LDL increased but they decreased in 12 months. Blood glucose increased monthly, it may be related to the damage of pancreatic islet in SIV infected monkeys. ConclusionBy the use of SIV infected monkeys more organs suffered with pathological changes and dysfunction of body liquid, some haematological and blood biochemical values appeared to be abnormal ,by which it would be presented some useful data for the investigation of pathogenesis of SIV/HIV. 