Objective To establish a new catheterization of the spinal subarachnoid space in rats and to compare the difference between different types of intrathecal catheterization，which can be used for the research on neurophysiology and pain treatment． Methods ninty male SD rats weighing 200 － 250g were randomly divided into three groups with thirty animals in each group: Yaksh group，atlas and axis group ( AA group) and lumbar group ( L group) ． After the models were established，we observed the percentage of death and paralysis of limbs and body weight changes; we also measured paw withdrawal threshold ( PWT) ，tail flick latency and analgesic effect of morphine． Ｒesults The percentage of death and paralysis of limbs in AA group and L group were obviously lower than Yaksh group，and the weight recovered faster than Yaksh group． Within 7 days of catheterization，PWT and the tail flick latency of AA group was closest to baseline． Morphine analgesic experiment showed there was no difference among the three groups． Conclusion The atlantoaxial catheterization model of the spinal subarachnoid space is characterized by its higher duplicability and less injury，which was a good intrathecal catheterization model．