Objective To explore the effect of oat β-glucan on gene expression in small intestine injury in sepsis. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group (NC group), experimental control group (TC group) and oat β-glucan group (Oglu group).TC group and Oglu group were used to establish sepsis model with CLP method,and oglu group with different doses of oat β-glucan. After 12 h the small intestine tissue were collected. Western blot was used to detect gene expression in the small intestine tissue injury. Results 1)Oat β-glucan reduced sepsis-induced small intestine injury,and reduced the TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 levels in small intestine of septic rats.(2) The expression of small intestinal injury-related proteins such as Bax, caspase-3, Toll-like, apoptotic genes FAS and FASL and NF-κB were significantly increased,and Bcl-2 expression was down-regulated in the TC group.(3)The expressions of Bax, caspase-3, Toll-like, apoptotic genes FAS and FASL and NF-κB in oat β-glucan-treated rats were lower than that in the septic rats, while Bcl-2 expression was higher than the TC group. Conclusions Oat β-glucan regulates the expression of small intestinal injury genes in septic rats and protects the small intestinal epithelium against sepsis-induced injury.